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Related papers: SplitMAC: Wireless Split Learning over Multiple Ac…

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Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA), relying on linearly precoded rate-splitting (RS) at the transmitter and successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the receivers has emerged as a powerful and flexible multiple access strategy for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Longfei Yin , Onur Dizdar , Bruno Clerckx

Mobile devices and the immense amount and variety of data they generate are key enablers of machine learning (ML)-based applications. Traditional ML techniques have shifted toward new paradigms such as federated (FL) and split learning (SL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Pranvera Kortoçi , Yilei Liang , Pengyuan Zhou , Lik-Hang Lee , Abbas Mehrabi , Pan Hui , Sasu Tarkoma , Jon Crowcroft

Fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) using the local data of edge users can enable personalized services and applications. For privacy protection, the prevalent solution adopts distributed learning for fine-tuning and integrates…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Songge Zhang , Guoliang Cheng , Zuguang Li , Wen Wu

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are two effective distributed learning paradigms in wireless networks, enabling collaborative model training across mobile devices without sharing raw data. While FL supports low-latency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Kun Guo , Xuefei Li , Xijun Wang , Howard H. Yang , Wei Feng , Tony Q. S. Quek

Federated fine-tuning of on-device large language models (LLMs) mitigates privacy concerns by preventing raw data sharing. However, the intensive computational and memory demands pose significant challenges for resource-constrained edge…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Tao Li , Yulin Tang , Yiyang Song , Cong Wu , Xihui Liu , Pan Li , Xianhao Chen

The expanding scale of neural networks poses a major challenge for distributed machine learning, particularly under limited communication resources. While split learning (SL) alleviates client computational burden by distributing model…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhen Fang , Miao Yang , Zehang Lin , Zheng Lin , Zihan Fang , Zongyuan Zhang , Tianyang Duan , Dong Huang , Shunzhi Zhu

In this letter, we propose an energy-efficient split learning (SL) framework for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) using geo-distributed personal data at the network edge, where LLMs are split and alternately across massive mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Zuguang Li , Shaohua Wu , Liang Li , Songge Zhang

Multimodal transformers integrate diverse data types like images, audio, and text, advancing tasks such as audio-visual understanding and image-text retrieval; yet their high parameterization limits deployment on resource-constrained edge…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Timo Fudala , Vasileios Tsouvalas , Nirvana Meratnia

Split learning (SL) is a distributed learning paradigm that can enable computation-intensive artificial intelligence (AI) applications by partitioning AI models between mobile devices and edge servers. %fully utilizing distributed computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zuguang Li , Wen Wu , Shaohua Wu , Xuemin , Shen

As an edge intelligence algorithm for multi-device collaborative training, federated learning (FL) can reduce the communication burden but increase the computing load of wireless devices. In contrast, split learning (SL) can reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Benshun Yin , Zhiyong Chen , Meixia Tao

Integrated learning and communication (ILAC) unifies learned transceivers with radio resource management, where semantic feature multiple access (SFMA) enables paired users to superpose their learned representations over shared…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Jiaxiang Wang , Zhouxiang Zhao , Yahao Ding , Zhijin Qin , Zhaohui Yang , Mingzhe Chen , Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei

The increasingly deeper neural networks hinder the democratization of privacy-enhancing distributed learning, such as federated learning (FL), to resource-constrained devices. To overcome this challenge, in this paper, we advocate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Zheng Lin , Guangyu Zhu , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Kaibin Huang , Yuguang Fang

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple devices to collaboratively train a shared model while preserving data privacy. Ever-increasing model complexity coupled with limited memory resources on the participating devices severely bottlenecks…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Chunlin Tian , Li Li , Kahou Tam , Yebo Wu , Chengzhong Xu

Federated learning aims to construct a global model that fits the dataset distributed across local devices without direct access to private data, leveraging communication between a server and the local devices. In the context of a practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Jaeyoung Song , Sang-Woon Jeon

Machine learning (ML) is a widely accepted means for supporting customized services for mobile devices and applications. Federated Learning (FL), which is a promising approach to implement machine learning while addressing data privacy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Tinghao Zhang , Kwok-Yan Lam , Jun Zhao , Feng Li , Huimei Han , Norziana Jamil

With the prevalence of Large Learning Models (LLM), Split Federated Learning (SFL), which divides a learning model into server-side and client-side models, has emerged as an appealing technology to deal with the heavy computational burden…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yipeng Liang , Qimei Chen , Guangxu Zhu , Muhammad Kaleem Awan , Hao Jiang

Split learning (SL) has emerged as a promising approach for model training without revealing the raw data samples from the data owners. However, traditional SL inevitably leaks label privacy as the tail model (with the last layers) should…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Song Lyu , Zheng Lin , Guanqiao Qu , Xianhao Chen , Xiaoxia Huang , Pan Li

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kai Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Mingzhe Chen , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to minimize the inference delay in semantic segmentation using split learning (SL), tailored to the needs of real-time computer vision (CV) applications for resource-constrained devices. Semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Nikos G. Evgenidis , Nikos A. Mitsiou , Sotiris A. Tegos , Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis , George K. Karagiannidis

Modern mobile devices, although resourceful, cannot train state-of-the-art machine learning models without the assistance of servers, which require access to, potentially, privacy-sensitive user data. Split learning has recently emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Kamalesh Palanisamy , Vivek Khimani , Moin Hussain Moti , Dimitris Chatzopoulos