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We define a search problem on trees that closely captures the backtracking behavior of all current practical graph isomorphism algorithms. Given two trees with colored leaves, the goal is to find two leaves of matching color, one in each of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Markus Anders , Pascal Schweitzer

Numerous analysis methods for quantitative attack tree analysis have been proposed. These algorithms compute relevant security metrics, i.e. performance indicators that quantify how good the security of a system is; typical metrics being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Carlos E. Budde , Mariëlle Stoelinga

The {\em edit distance} between two ordered trees with vertex labels is the minimum cost of transforming one tree into the other by a sequence of elementary operations consisting of deleting and relabeling existing nodes, as well as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-12-01 Erik D. Demaine , Shay Mozes , Benjamin Rossman , Oren Weimann

We consider the problem of exploring an unknown tree with a team of $k$ initially colocated mobile agents. Each agent has limited energy and cannot, as a result, traverse more than $B$ edges. The goal is to maximize the number of nodes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Evangelos Bampas , Jérémie Chalopin , Shantanu Das , Jan Hackfeld , Christina Karousatou

A family of comparison-based exact pattern matching algorithms is described. They utilize multi-dimensional arrays in order to process more than one adjacent text window in each iteration of the search cycle. This approach leads to a lower…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Igor O. Zavadskyi

Cartesian tree matching is the problem of finding all substrings of a given text which have the same Cartesian trees as that of a given pattern. So far there is one linear-time solution for Cartesian tree matching, which is based on the KMP…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Siwoo Song , Cheol Ryu , Simone Faro , Thierry Lecroq , Kunsoo Park

This paper deals with the multiobjective version of the optimal spanning tree problem. More precisely, we are interested in determining the optimal spanning tree according to an Ordered Weighted Average (OWA) of its objective values. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-11-02 Lucie Galand , Olivier Spanjaard

Motion Planning is necessary for robots to complete different tasks. Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) and its variants have been widely used in robot motion planning due to their fast search in state space. However, they perform not well…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Zhirui Sun , Jiankun Wang , Max Q. -H. Meng

Building concurrent spatial trees is more complicated than binary search trees since a space hierarchy should be preserved during modifications. We present a non-blocking quadtree-quadboost-that supports concurrent insert, remove, move, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Keren Zhou , Guangming Tan , Wei Zhou

Recent results have shown that the MCTS algorithm (a new, adaptive, randomized optimization algorithm) is effective in a remarkably diverse set of applications in Artificial Intelligence, Operations Research, and High Energy Physics. MCTS…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-29 S. Ali Mirsoleimani , Aske Plaat , Jaap van den Herik

We introduce two novel tree search algorithms that use a policy to guide search. The first algorithm is a best-first enumeration that uses a cost function that allows us to prove an upper bound on the number of nodes to be expanded before…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Laurent Orseau , Levi H. S. Lelis , Tor Lattimore , Théophane Weber

We consider the following generalization of the binary search problem. A search strategy is required to locate an unknown target node $t$ in a given tree $T$. Upon querying a node $v$ of the tree, the strategy receives as a reply an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Dariusz Dereniowski , Adrian Kosowski , Przemyslaw Uznanski , Mengchuan Zou

We introduce the lazy search tree data structure. The lazy search tree is a comparison-based data structure on the pointer machine that supports order-based operations such as rank, select, membership, predecessor, successor, minimum, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Bryce Sandlund , Sebastian Wild

Algorithmic meta-theorems, stating that graph properties expressible in some particular logic can be decided efficiently in graph classes having some specific structural properties, are now standard in sequential graph algorithms. One of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Benjamin Jauregui , Jason Li , Pedro Montealegre , Ioan Todinca

We revisit the classical problem of computing the \emph{contour tree} of a scalar field $f:\mathbb{M} \to \mathbb{R}$, where $\mathbb{M}$ is a triangulated simplicial mesh in $\mathbb{R}^d$. The contour tree is a fundamental topological…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-12-11 Benjamin Raichel , C. Seshadhri

While chain-of-thought prompting with Best-of-N (BoN) selection has become popular for mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs), its linear structure fails to capture the branching and exploratory nature of complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Tristan Cinquin , Geoff Pleiss , Agustinus Kristiadi

Optimal Morse matchings reveal essential structures of cell complexes which lead to powerful tools to study discrete geometrical objects, in particular discrete 3-manifolds. However, such matchings are known to be NP-hard to compute on…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-10-24 Benjamin A. Burton , Thomas Lewiner , João Paixão , Jonathan Spreer

This paper considers the \textit{minimum spanning tree (MST)} problem in the Congested Clique model and presents an algorithm that runs in $O(\log \log \log n)$ rounds, with high probability. Prior to this, the fastest MST algorithm in this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-09 Sriram V. Pemmaraju , Vivek B. Sardeshmukh

The tree edit distance is a natural dissimilarity measure between rooted ordered trees whose nodes are labeled over an alphabet $\Sigma$. It is defined as the minimum number of node edits (insertions, deletions, and relabelings) required to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Tomasz Kociumaka , Ali Shahali

In the realm of computer science, the efficiency of text-search algorithms is crucial for processing vast amounts of data in areas such as natural language processing and bioinformatics. Traditional methods like Naive Search, KMP, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Xinyu Guan , Shaohua Zhang