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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to cybersecurity question answering (QA) for critical tasks such as incident response and vulnerability analysis. However, real-world operational contexts, including system logs and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Matilda Gaddi , Jin Noh , Onat Gungor , Tajana Rosing

As the era of autonomous agents making decisions on behalf of users unfolds, ensuring contextual integrity (CI) -- what is the appropriate information to share while carrying out a certain task -- becomes a central question to the field. We…

A core challenge for autonomous LLM agents in collaborative settings is balancing robust privacy understanding and preservation alongside task efficacy. Existing privacy benchmarks only focus on simplistic, single-turn interactions where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Gurusha Juneja , Jayanth Naga Sai Pasupulati , Alon Albalak , Wenyue Hua , William Yang Wang

Machine learning community is discovering Contextual Integrity (CI) as a useful framework to assess the privacy implications of large language models (LLMs). This is an encouraging development. The CI theory emphasizes sharing information…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yan Shvartzshnaider , Vasisht Duddu

A significant challenge to training accurate deep learning models on privacy policies is the cost and difficulty of obtaining a large and comprehensive set of training data. To address these challenges, we present Calpric , which combines…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Wenjun Qiu , David Lie , Lisa Austin

Fine-grained skill representations, commonly referred to as knowledge components (KCs), are fundamental to many approaches in student modeling and learning analytics. However, KC-level correctness labels are rarely available in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhangqi Duan , Arnav Kankaria , Dhruv Kartik , Andrew Lan

Programmers of cryptographic applications written in C need to avoid common mistakes such as sending private data over public channels, modifying trusted data with untrusted functions, or improperly ordering protocol steps. These secrecy,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Darion Cassel , Yan Huang , Limin Jia

The rapid emergence of large language models (LLMs) has raised urgent questions across the modern workforce about this new technology's strengths, weaknesses, and capabilities. For privacy professionals, the question is whether these AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Zane Witherspoon , Thet Mon Aye , YingYing Hao

Certain forms of linguistic annotation, like part of speech and semantic tagging, can be automated with high accuracy. However, manual annotation is still necessary for complex pragmatic and discursive features that lack a direct mapping to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Danni Yu , Luyang Li , Hang Su , Matteo Fuoli

AI agents powered by reasoning models require access to sensitive user data. However, their reasoning traces are difficult to control, which can result in the unintended leakage of private information to external parties. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Haritz Puerto , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Timothy Baldwin , Iryna Gurevych

The design and development of text-based knowledge graph completion (KGC) methods leveraging textual entity descriptions are at the forefront of research. These methods involve advanced optimization techniques such as soft prompts and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Rui Yang , Jiahao Zhu , Jianping Man , Li Fang , Yi Zhou

As large language models (LLMs) are integrated into sociotechnical systems, it is crucial to examine the privacy biases they exhibit. We define privacy bias as the appropriateness value of information flows in responses from LLMs. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yan Shvartzshnaider , Vasisht Duddu

Anonymizing textual documents is a highly context-sensitive problem: the appropriate balance between privacy protection and utility preservation varies with the data domain, privacy objectives, and downstream application. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gabriel Loiseau , Damien Sileo , Damien Riquet , Maxime Meyer , Marc Tommasi

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly expanded their applications across various fields such as language generation, summarization, and complex question answering. However, their application to privacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yang Liu , Xichou Zhu , Zhou Shen , Yi Liu , Min Li , Yujun Chen , Benzi John , Zhenzhen Ma , Tao Hu , Zhi Li , Bolong Yang , Manman Wang , Zongxing Xie , Peng Liu , Dan Cai , Junhui Wang

In modern times, people have numerous online accounts, but they rarely read the Terms of Service or Privacy Policy of those sites, despite claiming otherwise, due to the practical difficulty in comprehending them. The mist of data privacy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rui Zhao , Vladyslav Melnychuk , Jun Zhao , Jesse Wright , Nigel Shadbolt

Technological advances in information sharing have raised concerns about data protection. Privacy policies contain privacy-related requirements about how the personal data of individuals will be handled by an organization or a software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Orlando Amaral , Sallam Abualhaija , Damiano Torre , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Lionel C. Briand

User-configured chatbots built on top of large language models are increasingly available through centralized marketplaces such as OpenAI's GPT Store. While these platforms enforce usage policies intended to prevent harmful or inappropriate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 David Rodriguez , William Seymour , Jose M. Del Alamo , Jose Such

Automated text annotation is a compelling use case for generative large language models (LLMs) in social media research. Recent work suggests that LLMs can achieve strong performance on annotation tasks; however, these studies evaluate LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nicholas Pangakis , Samuel Wolken

Large language model (LLM) services have been rapidly integrated into people's daily lives as chatbots and agentic systems. They are nourished by collecting rich streams of data, raising privacy concerns around excessive collection of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhen Tao , Shidong Pan , Zhenchang Xing , Emily Black , Talia Gillis , Chunyang Chen

Recent advances in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have enabled large language models (LLMs) to ground outputs in clinical evidence. However, connecting LLMs with external databases introduces the risk of contextual leakage: a subtle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shaowei Guan , Yu Zhai , Hin Chi Kwok , Jiawei Du , Xinyu Feng , Jing Li , Harry Qin , Vivian Hui