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Real-world decision-making tasks are generally complex, requiring trade-offs between multiple, often conflicting, objectives. Despite this, the majority of research in reinforcement learning and decision-theoretic planning either assumes…

Real-time collaboration with humans poses challenges due to the different behavior patterns of humans resulting from diverse physical constraints. Existing works typically focus on learning safety constraints for collaboration, or how to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Shibei Zhu , Tran Nguyen Le , Samuel Kaski , Ville Kyrki

Mathematics is a compulsory subject in Nigerian secondary schools, and the subject plays an important role in the scientific and technological growth and development of the nation. A shortfall in the knowledge of the students in Mathematics…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Chinelo Blessing Oribhabor

Adaptive learning often diagnoses precisely yet intervenes weakly, yielding help that is mistimed or misaligned. This study presents evidence supporting an instructor-governed feedback loop that converts concept-level assessment evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Amirreza Mehrabi , Jason W. Morphew , Breejha Quezada , N. Sanjay Rebello

How does a user's prior experience with deep learning impact accuracy? We present an initial study based on 31 participants with different levels of experience. Their task is to perform hyperparameter optimization for a given deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Kanav Anand , Ziqi Wang , Marco Loog , Jan van Gemert

Rewards and punishments in different forms are pervasive and present in a wide variety of decision-making scenarios. By observing the outcome of a sufficient number of repeated trials, one would gradually learn the value and usefulness of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Nikki Lijing Kuang , Clement H. C. Leung

Academic procrastination is a persistent challenge in computing education, yet evidence on the effectiveness of course-level interventions remains fragmented across diverse designs and contexts. We present a systematic literature review of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Daniel Cheng , Oscar Heath , Daniyaal Farooqi , Evelyn Chou , Alice Gao , Jonathan Calver

Transfer of learning is an important objective of education. However, students usually have difficulties in solving physics transfer tasks even after having solved similar problems previously. We investigated if instruction provided using…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-01-18 Tianlong Zu , Elise Agra , John Hutson , Lester C. Loschky , N. Sanjay Rebello

Balancing game difficulty in video games is a key task to create interesting gaming experiences for players. Mismatching the game difficulty and a player's skill or commitment results in frustration or boredom on the player's side, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Ronja Fuchs , Robin Gieseke , Alexander Dockhorn

Fine-tuning is a common practice in deep learning, achieving excellent generalization results on downstream tasks using relatively little training data. Although widely used in practice, it is lacking strong theoretical understanding. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Gal Shachaf , Alon Brutzkus , Amir Globerson

A close look at students' written work on examinations offers a wealth of information about their performance, their knowledge of the subject, their strengths, weaknesses and misconceptions, and their overall level of mathematical skills…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-05-23 Radoslav M. Dimitrić

Interactive systems that facilitate exposure to examples can augment problem solving performance. However designers of such systems are often faced with many practical design decisions about how users will interact with examples, with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Joel Chan , Zijian Ding , Eesh Kamrah , Mark Fuge

Adaptive online testing efficiently assesses examinee proficiency by dynamically adjusting the difficulty of test items based on their performance. To achieve this, items are selected so that their difficulty closely matches the test…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-21 Hideo Hirose

Robustness is often regarded as a critical future challenge for real-world applications, where stability is essential. However, as models often learn tasks in a similar order, we hypothesize that easier tasks will be easier regardless of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Shir Ashury-Tahan , Ariel Gera , Elron Bandel , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer , Leshem Choshen

The main challenge of multiagent reinforcement learning is the difficulty of learning useful policies in the presence of other simultaneously learning agents whose changing behaviors jointly affect the environment's transition and reward…

We investigated physics students' learning experience and behaviour in a second-year laboratory by analyzing transcribed audio recordings of laboratory sessions. One student group was given both a problem and procedure and asked to analyze…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-08-25 Bei Cai , Lindsay A. Mainhood , Ryan Groome , Corinne Laverty , Alastair McLean

Adversarial training is a popular method to robustify models against adversarial attacks. However, it exhibits much more severe overfitting than training on clean inputs. In this work, we investigate this phenomenon from the perspective of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Chen Liu , Zhichao Huang , Mathieu Salzmann , Tong Zhang , Sabine Süsstrunk

Mixed-effects models fit to observational practice data are widely used in learning analytics to estimate student-level variation in initial knowledge and learning rate, and the resulting estimates increasingly inform substantive claims…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hansol Lee , Guilherme Lichand , Cristina Barnard , Lucas Klotz , Candace Thille , Yunsung Kim , Benjamin W. Domingue

Students must learn effective problem solving strategies in order to develop expertise in physics. Effective problem solving strategies include a conceptual analysis of the problem followed by planning of the solution, and then…

Physics Education · Physics 2016-05-03 Andrew J. Mason , Chandralekha Singh

In the last few years, the research activity around reinforcement learning tasks formulated over environments with sparse rewards has been especially notable. Among the numerous approaches proposed to deal with these hard exploration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Alain Andres , Esther Villar-Rodriguez , Javier Del Ser