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Related papers: Towards Concept-Aware Large Language Models

200 papers

Large language models have exhibited impressive performance across a broad range of downstream tasks in natural language processing. However, how a language model predicts the next token and generates content is not generally understandable…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been shown to produce estimates of psycholinguistic norms, such as valence, arousal, or concreteness, for words and multiword expressions, that correlate with human judgments. These estimates are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Thomas Hikaru Clark , Carlos Arriaga , Javier Conde , Gonzalo Martínez , Pedro Reviriego

What underlies intuitive human thinking? One approach to this question is to compare the cognitive dynamics of humans and large language models (LLMs). However, such a comparison requires a method to quantitatively analyze AI cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Makoto Sato

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performances on a wide range of natural language tasks. Yet, LLMs' successes have been largely restricted to tasks concerning words, sentences, or documents, and it remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Andrew Shin , Kunitake Kaneko

Service robots need common-sense knowledge to help humans in everyday situations as it enables them to understand the context of their actions. However, approaches that use ontologies face a challenge because common-sense knowledge is often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Felix Ocker , Jörg Deigmöller , Julian Eggert

Concept learning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition and plays a critical role in mental processes such as categorization, reasoning, memory, and decision-making. Researchers across various disciplines have shown consistent interest…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Yuwei Wang , Yi Zeng

Large language models (LLMs), when guided by explicit textual plans, can perform reliable step-by-step reasoning during problem-solving. However, generating accurate and effective textual plans remains challenging due to LLM hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Sijia Chen , Di Niu

Large language models (LLMs) perform substantially below human level on existing theory-of-mind (ToM) benchmarks, even when augmented with chain-of-thought prompting or probabilistic belief updates. We argue that these failures primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Wang Bill Zhu , Qiutong Tony Yi , Robin Jia , Jesse Thomason

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in understanding text and generating high-quality responses. However, a critical distinction from human cognition is their typical lack of a distinct internal `reading'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yuanxin Wang , Ganesh Venkatesh

Large language models (LLMs) typically enhance their performance through either the retrieval of semantically similar information or the improvement of their reasoning capabilities. However, a significant challenge remains in effectively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Shuqi Liu , Bowei He , Chen Ma , Linqi Song

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) significantly improve the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by learning to reason, exhibiting promising performance in solving complex tasks. However, their deliberative reasoning process leads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yue Liu , Jiaying Wu , Yufei He , Ruihan Gong , Jun Xia , Liang Li , Hongcheng Gao , Hongyu Chen , Baolong Bi , Jiaheng Zhang , Zhiqi Huang , Bryan Hooi , Stan Z. Li , Keqin Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly criticized for not understanding language. However, many critiques focus on cognitive abilities that, in humans, are distinct from language processing. Here, we instead study a kind of understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Joseph M. Denning , Xiaohan Hannah Guo , Bryor Snefjella , Idan A. Blank

The impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) has led to their consideration as models of human language processing. Instead, we suggest that the success of LLMs arises from the flexibility of the transformer learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Xiaoliang Luo , Michael Ramscar , Bradley C. Love

There has been considerable recent interest in interpretable concept-based models such as Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs), which first predict human-interpretable concepts and then map them to output classes. To reduce reliance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Simon Schrodi , Julian Schur , Max Argus , Thomas Brox

Large language models (LLMs) are currently at the forefront of intertwining artificial intelligence (AI) systems with human communication and everyday life. Thus, aligning them with human values is of great importance. However, given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Thilo Hagendorff

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance, the lack of transparency in their inference logic raises concerns about their trustworthiness. To gain a better understanding of LLMs, we conduct a detailed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Jie Ren , Qipeng Guo , Hang Yan , Dongrui Liu , Quanshi Zhang , Xipeng Qiu , Dahua Lin

The ability to summarize and organize knowledge into abstract concepts is key to learning and reasoning. Many industrial applications rely on the consistent and systematic use of concepts, especially when dealing with decision-critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Rosario Uceda-Sosa , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Maria Chang , Moninder Singh

The development of highly fluent large language models (LLMs) has prompted increased interest in assessing their reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. We investigate whether several LLMs can solve a classic type of deductive reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Spencer M. Seals , Valerie L. Shalin

Since the advent of ChatGPT, Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in various tasks but remain as black-box systems. Understanding the reasoning bottlenecks of LLMs has become a critical challenge, as these limitations are deeply tied…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zifan Zheng , Yezhaohui Wang , Yuxin Huang , Shichao Song , Mingchuan Yang , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

There is increasing interest in employing large language models (LLMs) as cognitive models. For such purposes, it is central to understand which properties of human cognition are well-modeled by LLMs, and which are not. In this work, we…