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Multimodal manga analysis focuses on enhancing manga understanding with visual and textual features, which has attracted considerable attention from both natural language processing and computer vision communities. Currently, most comics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Hongcheng Guo , Boyang Wang , Jiaqi Bai , Jiaheng Liu , Jian Yang , Zhoujun Li

End-to-end manga generation is a structured visual storytelling task that requires story decomposition, recurring character and scene grounding, page layout design, panel rendering, page composition, and lettering. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Muyao Wang , Zeke Xie , Yanhao Chen , Lixin Xiu , Hideki Nakayama

Cartoonization is a task that renders natural photos into cartoon styles. Previous deep cartoonization methods only have focused on end-to-end translation, which may hinder editability. Instead, we propose a novel solution with editing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Namhyuk Ahn , Patrick Kwon , Jihye Back , Kibeom Hong , Seungkwon Kim

In this paper, we present a novel approach that uses deep learning techniques for colorizing grayscale images. By utilizing a pre-trained convolutional neural network, which is originally designed for image classification, we are able to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Tung Nguyen , Kazuki Mori , Ruck Thawonmas

Game-Based Learning has proven to be an effective method for enhancing engagement with educational material. However, gaining a deeper understanding of player strategies remains challenging. Sequential game-state and action-based tracking…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Braden Roper , William Thompson , Chris Weaver

As a popular comic style, manga offers a unique impression by utilizing a rich set of bitonal patterns, or screentones, for illustration. However, screentones can easily be contaminated with visual-unpleasant aliasing and/or blurriness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Minshan Xie , Menghan Xia , Xueting Liu , Tien-Tsin Wong

Automatic colorization of line drawings has been widely studied to reduce the labor cost of hand-drawn anime production. Deep learning approaches, including image/video generation and feature-based correspondence, have improved accuracy but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Kazuma Nagata , Naoshi Kaneko

Vision-language models (VLMs) are typically composed of a vision encoder, e.g. CLIP, and a language model (LM) that interprets the encoded features to solve downstream tasks. Despite remarkable progress, VLMs are subject to several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , Alessio Tonioni , Petra Poklukar , Achin Kulshrestha , Amir Zamir , Federico Tombari

We tackle the problem of machine translation of manga, Japanese comics. Manga translation involves two important problems in machine translation: context-aware and multimodal translation. Since text and images are mixed up in an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Ryota Hinami , Shonosuke Ishiwatari , Kazuhiko Yasuda , Yusuke Matsui

Image colorization is a challenging problem due to multi-modal uncertainty and high ill-posedness. Directly training a deep neural network usually leads to incorrect semantic colors and low color richness. While transformer-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Xiaoyang Kang , Tao Yang , Wenqi Ouyang , Peiran Ren , Lingzhi Li , Xuansong Xie

Animation colorization plays a vital role in animation production, yet existing methods struggle to achieve color accuracy and temporal consistency. To address these challenges, we propose \textbf{AnimeColor}, a novel reference-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yuhong Zhang , Liyao Wang , Han Wang , Danni Wu , Zuzeng Lin , Feng Wang , Li Song

Line art colorization plays a crucial role in hand-drawn animation production, where digital artists manually colorize segments using a paint bucket tool, guided by RGB values from character color design sheets. This process, often called…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yuekun Dai , Qinyue Li , Shangchen Zhou , Yihang Luo , Chongyi Li , Chen Change Loy

Multimodal language models (MLMs) integrate visual and textual information by coupling a vision encoder with a large language model through the specific adapter. While existing approaches commonly rely on a single pre-trained vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Matvey Skripkin , Elizaveta Goncharova , Dmitrii Tarasov , Andrey Kuznetsov

This paper shows that masked autoencoders (MAE) are scalable self-supervised learners for computer vision. Our MAE approach is simple: we mask random patches of the input image and reconstruct the missing pixels. It is based on two core…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Kaiming He , Xinlei Chen , Saining Xie , Yanghao Li , Piotr Dollár , Ross Girshick

Our understanding of the visual world is centered around various concept axes, characterizing different aspects of visual entities. While different concept axes can be easily specified by language, e.g. color, the exact visual nuances along…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Sharon Lee , Yunzhi Zhang , Shangzhe Wu , Jiajun Wu

It is a time-consuming and tedious work for manually colorizing anime line drawing images, which is an essential stage in cartoon animation creation pipeline. Reference-based line drawing colorization is a challenging task that relies on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yu Cao , Xiangqiao Meng , P. Y. Mok , Xueting Liu , Tong-Yee Lee , Ping Li

Image colorization is a well-known problem in computer vision. However, due to the ill-posed nature of the task, image colorization is inherently challenging. Though several attempts have been made by researchers to make the colorization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Subhankar Ghosh , Prasun Roy , Saumik Bhattacharya , Umapada Pal , Michael Blumenstein

Scribble colors based line art colorization is a challenging computer vision problem since neither greyscale values nor semantic information is presented in line arts, and the lack of authentic illustration-line art training pairs also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Yuanzheng Ci , Xinzhu Ma , Zhihui Wang , Haojie Li , Zhongxuan Luo

Image colorization aims to bring colors back to grayscale images. Automatic image colorization methods, which requires no additional guidance, struggle to generate high-quality images due to color ambiguity, and provides limited user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yifan Li , Shuai Yang , Jiaying Liu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a unique challenge as it requires the ability to understand and encode the multi-modal inputs - in terms of image processing and natural language processing. The algorithm further needs to learn how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Supriya Pandhre , Shagun Sodhani