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The accelerating expansion of AI workloads is colliding with an energy landscape increasingly dominated by intermittent renewable generation. While vast quantities of zero-carbon energy are routinely curtailed, today's centralized…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Giuseppe Tomei , Andrea Mayer , Giuseppe Alcini , Stefano Salsano

The energy consumption of Data Centers (DCs) is a very important figure for the telecommunications operators, not only in terms of cost, but also in terms of operational reliability. A relation between the energy consumption and the weather…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Georgios Smpokos , Mohamed A. Elshatshat , Athanasios Lioumpas , Ilias Iliopoulos

Software stack upgrades are a routine part of software maintenance and evolution, typically motivated by improved performance, stability, or functionality. Yet their impact on energy consumption - a growing concern for organizations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mirko Stocker , Michael Wahler

Achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) demands adequate levels of awareness and actions to address sustainability challenges. Software systems will play an important role in moving towards these targets. Sustainability skills…

The carbon footprint of algorithms must be measured and transparently reported so computer scientists can take an honest and active role in environmental sustainability. In this paper, we take analyses usually applied at the industrial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Kadan Lottick , Silvia Susai , Sorelle A. Friedler , Jonathan P. Wilson

Technology companies have been leading the way to a renewable energy transformation, by investing in renewable energy sources to reduce the carbon footprint of their datacenters. In addition to helping build new solar and wind farms,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Bilge Acun , Benjamin Lee , Fiodar Kazhamiaka , Kiwan Maeng , Manoj Chakkaravarthy , Udit Gupta , David Brooks , Carole-Jean Wu

Developing nations are particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of global warming. By 2040, 14 percent of global emissions will come from data centers. This paper presents early findings in the use AI and digital twins to model and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-09-10 David Ojika , Jayson Strayer , Gaurav Kaul

Promoting energy efficiency to a first class system design goal is an important research challenge. Although more energy-efficient hardware can be designed, it is software that controls the hardware; for a given system the potential for…

Many science advances have been possible thanks to the use of research software, which has become essential to advancing virtually every Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) discipline and many non-STEM disciplines…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Daniel S. Katz , Patrick Aerts , Neil P. Chue Hong , Anshu Dubey , Sandra Gesing , Henry J. Neeman , David E. Pearah

The steady growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has accelerated in the recent years, facilitated by the development of sophisticated models such as large language models and foundation models. Ensuring robust and reliable power…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Andrea Marinoni , Sai Shivareddy , Pietro Lio' , Weisi Lin , Erik Cambria , Clare Grey

Data center operators are typically faced with three significant problems when running their data centers, i.e., rising electricity bills, growing carbon footprints and unexpected power outages. To mitigate these issues, running data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-02 Liang Yu , Tao Jiang , Yulong Zou

The rapid increase in computing demand and its corresponding energy consumption have focused attention on computing's impact on the climate and sustainability. Prior work proposes metrics that quantify computing's carbon footprint across…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Noman Bashir , Varun Gohil , Anagha Belavadi , Mohammad Shahrad , David Irwin , Elsa Olivetti , Christina Delimitrou

Sustainability has evolved from an emerging concern into a fundamental responsibility in software design, development, and operation. Research increasingly explores how sustainability can be systematically integrated into existing software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Markus Funke , Patricia Lago

The rapid growth of data volume brings big challenges to the data center computing, and energy efficiency is one of the most concerned problems. Researchers from various fields are now proposing solutions to green the data center…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Runlin Zhou , Yingjie Shi , Chunge Zhu , Fan Liu

Each day the world inches closer to a climate catastrophe and a sustainability revolution. To avoid the former and achieve the latter we must transform our use of energy. Surprisingly, today's growing problem is that there is too much wind…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Jennifer Switzer , Rob McGuinness , Pat Pannuto , George Porter , Aaron Schulman , Barath Raghavan

In recent years, efficient energy utilization becomes an essential requirement for data centers, especially in data centers of world-leading companies, where "Green Data Center" defines a new term for an environment-concerned data center.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-06-01 Supasate Choochaisri , Vit Niennattrakul , Saran Jenjaturong , Chalermek Intanagonwiwat , Chotirat Ann Ratanamahatana

The ICT sector, responsible for 2% of global carbon emissions, is under scrutiny calling for methodologies and tools to design and develop software in an environmentally sustainable-by-design manner. However, the software engineering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ornela Danushi , Stefano Forti , Jacopo Soldani

In recent years, the global use of online video services has increased rapidly. Today, a manifold of applications, such as video streaming, video conferencing, live broadcasting, and social networks, make use of this technology. A recent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-16 Christian Herglotz , Matthias Kränzler , Robert Schober , André Kaup

Effective use of parallel and distributed computing in science depends upon multiple interdependent entities and activities that form an ecosystem. Active engagement between application users and technology catalysts is a crucial activity…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-09-10 Ketan Maheshwari , David Kelly , Scott J. Krieder , Justin M. Wozniak , Daniel S. Katz , Mei Zhi-Gang , Mainak Mookherjee

With the increasing popularity of cloud computing, datacenters are becoming more important than ever before. A typical datacenter typically consists of a large number of homogeneous or heterogeneous servers connected by networks.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-05-15 Aftab Ahmed Chandio , Zhibin Yu , Feroz Shah Syed , Imtiaz Ali Korejo