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Two kinds of approximation algorithms exist for the k-BALANCED PARTITIONING problem: those that are fast but compute unsatisfying approximation ratios, and those that guarantee high quality ratios but are slow. In this paper we prove that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Andreas Emil Feldmann

We introduce two variations of the cops and robber game on graphs. These games yield two invariants in $\mathbb{Z}_+\cup\{\infty\}$ for any connected graph $\Gamma$, the {weak cop number $\mathsf{wcop}(\Gamma)$} and the {strong cop number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jonathan Lee , Eduardo Martínez-Pedroza , Juan Felipe Rodríguez-Quinche

Given a simple, finite, nonempty graph $G=(V(G),E(G))$, a vertex subset $D\subseteq V(G)$ is said to be a dominating set if every vertex $v\in V(G)-D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. The independent domination number $\gamma_i(G)$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Andrew Pham

A variant of the Erd\H{o}s-S\'os conjecture, posed by Havet, Reed, Stein and Wood, states that every graph with minimum degree at least $\lfloor 2k/3 \rfloor$ and maximum degree at least $k$ contains a copy of every tree with $k$ edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Alexey Pokrovskiy , Leo Versteegen , Ella Williams

A vertex set $S$ is a generalized $k$-independent set if the induced subgraph $G[S]$ contains no tree on $k$ vertices. The generalized $k$-independence number $\alpha_k(G)$ is the maximum size of such a set. For a tree $T$ with $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Jing Huang , Jiaxin Tang

We introduce a graph partitioning problem motivated by computational topology and propose two algorithms that produce approximate solutions. Specifically, given a weighted, undirected graph $G$ and a positive integer $k$, we desire to find…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-04 Abdel-Rahman Madkour , Phillip Nadolny , Matthew Wright

Eternal domination is a dynamic process by which a graph is protected from an infinite sequence of vertex intrusions. In eternal distance-$k$ domination, guards initially occupy the vertices of a distance-$k$ dominating set. After a vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-21 Danielle Cox , Erin Meger , M. E. Messinger

A $k$-block in a graph $G$ is a maximal set of at least $k$ vertices no two of which can be separated in $G$ by deleting fewer than $k$ vertices. The block number $\beta(G)$ of $G$ is the maximum integer $k$ for which $G$ contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-15 Daniel Weißauer

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices and $1 \le k \le n$ a fixed integer. The \textit{$k$-token graph} of $G$ is the graph $F_k(G)$ whose vertex set consists of all $k$-subsets of the vertex set of $G$, where two vertices $A$ and $B$ are…

We consider a variant of the game of Cops and Robbers, called Containment, in which cops move from edge to adjacent edge, the robber moves from vertex to adjacent vertex (but cannot move along an edge occupied by a cop). The cops win by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-08 Pawel Pralat

An identifying code of a closed-twin-free graph $G$ is a dominating set $S$ of vertices of $G$ such that any two vertices in $G$ have a distinct intersection between their closed neighborhoods and $S$. It was conjectured that there exists…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Dipayan Chakraborty , Florent Foucaud , Michael A. Henning , Tuomo Lehtilä

In the game of Cops and Robbers, a team of cops attempts to capture a robber on a graph $G$. All players occupy vertices of $G$. The game operates in rounds; in each round the cops move to neighboring vertices, after which the robber does…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-20 William B. Kinnersley

We study versions of cop and robber pursuit-evasion games on the visibility graphs of polygons, and inside polygons with straight and curved sides. Each player has full information about the other player's location, players take turns, and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-01-07 Anna Lubiw , Jack Snoeyink , Hamideh Vosoughpour

The game of cops and robber has been studied for many years. Denoting $\mathsf{Forb}(4K_1)$ to be the family of all graphs that contain no induced subgraph isomorphic to $4K_1$ (e.g., with independence number less than $4$), we prove that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Zhaoyu Wu

The Cops and Robber game is played on undirected finite graphs. $k$ cops and one robber are positioned on vertices and take turn in moving along edges. The cops win if, after a move, a cop and the robber are on the same vertex. A graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Dirk Oliver Theis

We examine several types of visibility graphs in which sightlines can pass through $k$ objects. For $k \geq 1$ we bound the maximum thickness of semi-bar $k$-visibility graphs between $\lceil \frac{2}{3} (k + 1) \rceil$ and $2k$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Matthew Babbitt , J. T. Geneson , Tanya Khovanova

We consider multi-player graph games with partial-observation and parity objective. While the decision problem for three-player games with a coalition of the first and second players against the third player is undecidable, we present a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-23 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen

In this paper, we answer two open problems from [Breen et al., Throttling for the game of Cops and Robbers on graphs, Discrete Math., 341 (2018) 2418-2430]. The throttling number $th_c(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum possible value of $k…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-23 Jesse Geneson

Given an $x$-monotone polygonal chain $T$ with $n$ vertices, and an integer $k$, we consider the problem of finding the lowest horizontal line $L$ lying above $T$ with $k$ point guards lying on $L$, so that every point on the chain is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Byeonguk Kang , Hwi Kim , Hee-Kap Ahn

A $k$-coloring of a graph is an assignment of integers between $1$ and $k$ to vertices in the graph such that the endpoints of each edge receive different numbers. We study a local variation of the coloring problem, which imposes further…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-24 Jie You , Yixin Cao , Jianxin Wang