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The growing capability and accessibility of machine learning has led to its application to many real-world domains and data about people. Despite the benefits algorithmic systems may bring, models can reflect, inject, or exacerbate implicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ángel Alexander Cabrera , Will Epperson , Fred Hohman , Minsuk Kahng , Jamie Morgenstern , Duen Horng Chau

In practice, and especially when training deep neural networks, visual recognition rules are often learned based on various sources of information. On the other hand, the recent deployment of facial recognition systems with uneven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Stephan Clémençon , Pierre Laforgue , Robin Vogel

The creation of altered and manipulated faces has become more common due to the improvement of DeepFake generation methods. Simultaneously, we have seen detection models' development for differentiating between a manipulated and original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Sowmen Das , Selim Seferbekov , Arup Datta , Md. Saiful Islam , Md. Ruhul Amin

Training models with robust group fairness properties is crucial in ethically sensitive application areas such as medical diagnosis. Despite the growing body of work aiming to minimise demographic bias in AI, this problem remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Raman Dutt , Ondrej Bohdal , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris , Timothy Hospedales

The perception of color is one of the most important aspects of human vision. From an evolutionary perspective, the accurate perception of color is crucial to distinguishing friend from foe, and food from fatal poison. As a result, humans…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Abhinau K. Venkataramanan

We study fairness in the context of classification where the performance is measured by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic. AUC is commonly used to measure the performance of prediction models. The same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Hortense Fong , Vineet Kumar , Anay Mehrotra , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

Fairness of machine learning models in healthcare has drawn increasing attention from clinicians, researchers, and even at the highest level of government. On the other hand, the importance of developing and deploying interpretable or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Mary M. Lucas , Xiaoyang Wang , Chia-Hsuan Chang , Christopher C. Yang , Jacqueline E. Braughton , Quyen M. Ngo

Changing facial expressions, gestures, or background details may dramatically alter the meaning conveyed by an image. Notably, recent advances in diffusion models greatly improve the quality of image manipulation while also opening the door…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Alex Costanzino , Woody Bayliss , Juil Sock , Marc Gorriz Blanch , Danijela Horak , Ivan Laptev , Philip Torr , Fabio Pizzati

Person re-identification is an important task that requires learning discriminative visual features for distinguishing different person identities. Diverse auxiliary information has been utilized to improve the visual feature learning. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Dapeng Chen , Hongsheng Li , Xihui Liu , Yantao Shen , Zejian Yuan , Xiaogang Wang

Within a legal framework, fairness in datasets and models is typically assessed by dividing observations into predefined groups and then computing fairness measures (e.g., Disparate Impact or Equality of Odds with respect to gender).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Veronika Shilova , Emmanuel Malherbe , Giovanni Palma , Laurent Risser , Jean-Michel Loubes

Deep Learning has shown outstanding results in computer vision tasks; healthcare is no exception. However, there is no straightforward way to expose the decision-making process of DL models. Good accuracy is not enough for skin cancer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Rosa Y. G. Paccotacya-Yanque , Alceu Bissoto , Sandra Avila

With the increasing popularity of augmented and virtual reality, retailers are now focusing more towards customer satisfaction to increase the amount of sales. Although augmented reality is not a new concept but it has gained much needed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Debapriya Roy , Diganta Mukherjee , Bhabatosh Chanda

While deep generative models have significantly advanced representation learning, they may inherit or amplify biases and fairness issues by encoding sensitive attributes alongside predictive features. Enforcing strict independence in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

The embedding spaces of image models have been shown to encode a range of social biases such as racism and sexism. Here, we investigate specific factors that contribute to the emergence of these biases in Vision Transformers (ViT).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Jannik Brinkmann , Paul Swoboda , Christian Bartelt

Although deep face recognition has achieved impressive progress in recent years, controversy has arisen regarding discrimination based on skin tone, questioning their deployment into real-world scenarios. In this paper, we aim to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Mei Wang , Yaobin Zhang , Weihong Deng

Although significant progress has been made in face recognition, demographic bias still exists in face recognition systems. For instance, it usually happens that the face recognition performance for a certain demographic group is lower than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Fu-En Wang , Chien-Yi Wang , Min Sun , Shang-Hong Lai

As machine learning has been deployed ubiquitously across applications in modern data science, algorithmic fairness has become a great concern. Among them, imposing fairness constraints during learning, i.e. in-processing fair training, has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yuzhen Mao , Zhun Deng , Huaxiu Yao , Ting Ye , Kenji Kawaguchi , James Zou

This paper proposes an automatic image correction method for portrait photographs, which promotes consistency of facial skin color by suppressing skin color changes due to background colors. In portrait photographs, skin color is often…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Keiichiro Shirai , Tatsuya Baba , Shunsuke Ono , Masahiro Okuda , Yusuke Tatesumi , Paul Perrotin

As the use of deep learning in high impact domains becomes ubiquitous, it is increasingly important to assess the resilience of models. One such high impact domain is that of face recognition, with real world applications involving images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Aparna R. Joshi , Xavier Suau , Nivedha Sivakumar , Luca Zappella , Nicholas Apostoloff

Current developments in computer vision and deep learning allow to automatically generate hyper-realistic images, hardly distinguishable from real ones. In particular, human face generation achieved a stunning level of realism, opening new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Francesco Marra , Cristiano Saltori , Giulia Boato , Luisa Verdoliva