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This survey reviews the progress of diffusion models in generating images from text, ~\textit{i.e.} text-to-image diffusion models. As a self-contained work, this survey starts with a brief introduction of how diffusion models work for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Chenshuang Zhang , Chaoning Zhang , Mengchun Zhang , In So Kweon , Junmo Kim

The primary axes of interest in image-generating diffusion models are image quality, the amount of variation in the results, and how well the results align with a given condition, e.g., a class label or a text prompt. The popular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

Due to the three-dimensional nature of CT- or MR-scans, generative modeling of medical images is a particularly challenging task. Existing approaches mostly apply patch-wise, slice-wise, or cascaded generation techniques to fit the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-15 Paul Friedrich , Julia Wolleb , Florentin Bieder , Alicia Durrer , Philippe C. Cattin

Objective: Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals commonly suffer noise interference, such as baseline wander. High-quality and high-fidelity reconstruction of the ECG signals is of great significance to diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-19 Huayu Li , Gregory Ditzler , Janet Roveda , Ao Li

Generative models are increasingly used to augment medical imaging datasets for fairer AI. Yet a key assumption often goes unexamined: that generators themselves produce equally high-quality images across demographic groups. Models trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Mahmoud Ibrahim , Bart Elen , Chang Sun , Gokhan Ertaylan , Michel Dumontier

The ultimate goal of generative models is to perfectly capture the data distribution. For image generation, common metrics of visual quality (e.g., FID) and the perceived truthfulness of generated images seem to suggest that we are nearing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zebin You , Xinyu Zhang , Hanzhong Guo , Jingdong Wang , Chongxuan Li

This paper explores image modeling from the frequency space and introduces DCTdiff, an end-to-end diffusion generative paradigm that efficiently models images in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) space. We investigate the design space of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Mang Ning , Mingxiao Li , Jianlin Su , Haozhe Jia , Lanmiao Liu , Martin Beneš , Wenshuo Chen , Albert Ali Salah , Itir Onal Ertugrul

In 3D modeling, designers often use an existing 3D model as a reference to create new ones. This practice has inspired the development of Phidias, a novel generative model that uses diffusion for reference-augmented 3D generation. Given an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zhenwei Wang , Tengfei Wang , Zexin He , Gerhard Hancke , Ziwei Liu , Rynson W. H. Lau

Deep learning has become a popular tool for medical image analysis, but the limited availability of training data remains a major challenge, particularly in the medical field where data acquisition can be costly and subject to privacy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-11 Aghiles Kebaili , Jérôme Lapuyade-Lahorgue , Su Ruan

Computational neuroimaging involves analyzing brain images or signals to provide mechanistic insights and predictive tools for human cognition and behavior. While diffusion models have shown stability and high-quality generation in natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Haokai Zhao , Haowei Lou , Lina Yao , Wei Peng , Ehsan Adeli , Kilian M Pohl , Yu Zhang

Diffusion generative models (DMs) have achieved promising results in image and graph generation. However, real-world graphs, such as social networks, molecular graphs, and traffic graphs, generally share non-Euclidean topologies and hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Lingfeng Wen , Xuan Tang , Mingjie Ouyang , Xiangxiang Shen , Jian Yang , Daxin Zhu , Mingsong Chen , Xian Wei

Image generation models trained on large datasets can synthesize high-quality images but often produce spatially inconsistent and distorted images due to limited information about the underlying structures and spatial layouts. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Hyundo Lee , Suhyung Choi , Inwoo Hwang , Byoung-Tak Zhang

Diffusion generative models have recently become a powerful technique for creating and modifying high-quality, coherent video content. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the critical components of diffusion models for video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Andrew Melnik , Michal Ljubljanac , Cong Lu , Qi Yan , Weiming Ren , Helge Ritter

We present novel approaches involving generative adversarial networks and diffusion models in order to synthesize high quality, live and spoof fingerprint images while preserving features such as uniqueness and diversity. We generate live…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 W. Tang , D. Figueroa , D. Liu , K. Johnsson , A. Sopasakis

Automatic estimation of cardiac ultrasound image quality can be beneficial for guiding operators and ensuring the accuracy of clinical measurements. Previous work often fails to distinguish the view correctness of the echocardiogram from…

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a cost-effective, highly accessible and widely employed diagnostic tool. With the advent of Foundation Models (FMs), the field of AI-assisted ECG interpretation has begun to evolve, as they enable model reuse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Francesca Filice , Edoardo De Rose , Simone Bartucci , Francesco Calimeri , Simona Perri

Creative image generation has emerged as a compelling area of research, driven by the need to produce novel and high-quality images that expand the boundaries of imagination. In this work, we propose a novel framework for creative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Kunpeng Song , Ahmed Elgammal

The usage of medical image data for the training of large-scale machine learning approaches is particularly challenging due to its scarce availability and the costly generation of data annotations, typically requiring the engagement of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Joshua Niemeijer , Jan Ehrhardt , Hristina Uzunova , Heinz Handels

This paper explores the use of score-based diffusion models for Bayesian image reconstruction. Diffusion models are an efficient tool for generative modeling. Diffusion models can also be used for solving image reconstruction problems. We…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Michael T. McCann , Hyungjin Chung , Jong Chul Ye , Marc L. Klasky

Image generation has achieved remarkable progress with the development of large-scale text-to-image models, especially diffusion-based models. However, generating human images with plausible details, such as faces or hands, remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yuxuan Wang , Tianwei Cao , Huayu Zhang , Zhongjiang He , Kongming Liang , Zhanyu Ma
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