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Despite multi-billion parameter neural rankers being common components of state-of-the-art information retrieval pipelines, they are rarely used in production due to the enormous amount of compute required for inference. In this work, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Thiago Laitz , Konstantinos Papakostas , Roberto Lotufo , Rodrigo Nogueira

Instruction tuning is crucial for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), yet the quality of instruction-following data varies significantly. While high-quality data is paramount, it is often scarce; conversely, abundant low-quality data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Zhijie Deng , Zhouan Shen , Ling Li , Yao Zhou , Zhaowei Zhu , Yanji He , Wei Wang , Jiaheng Wei

The current winning recipe for automatic summarization is using proprietary large-scale language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT as is, or imitation learning from them as teacher models. While increasingly ubiquitous dependence on such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Jaehun Jung , Ximing Lu , Liwei Jiang , Faeze Brahman , Peter West , Pang Wei Koh , Yejin Choi

Sequential recommender systems have achieved significant success in modeling temporal user behavior but remain limited in capturing rich user semantics beyond interaction patterns. Large Language Models (LLMs) present opportunities to…

Large Language Models revolutionized NLP and showed dramatic performance improvements across several tasks. In this paper, we investigated the role of such language models in text classification and how they compare with other approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Sowmya Vajjala , Shwetali Shimangaud

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive language understanding and the capacity to generate responses that follow specific prompts. However, due to the computational demands associated with training these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yida Mu , Ben P. Wu , William Thorne , Ambrose Robinson , Nikolaos Aletras , Carolina Scarton , Kalina Bontcheva , Xingyi Song

Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training exhausts an ever growing compute budget, yet recent research has demonstrated that careful document selection enables comparable model quality with only a fraction of the FLOPs. Inspired by efforts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xiang Kong , Tom Gunter , Ruoming Pang

Many recent studies have shown the ability of large language models (LLMs) to achieve state-of-the-art performance on many NLP tasks, such as question answering, text summarization, coding, and translation. In some cases, the results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Elnara Galimzhanova , Cristina Ioana Muntean , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Guido Rocchietti

In this work, we evaluate 10 open-source instructed LLMs on four representative code comprehension and generation tasks. We have the following main findings. First, for the zero-shot setting, instructed LLMs are very competitive on code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhiqiang Yuan , Junwei Liu , Qiancheng Zi , Mingwei Liu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

Owing to their powerful semantic reasoning capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been effectively utilized as recommenders, achieving impressive performance. However, the high inference latency of LLMs significantly restricts…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yu Cui , Feng Liu , Pengbo Wang , Bohao Wang , Heng Tang , Yi Wan , Jun Wang , Jiawei Chen

A supervised ranking model, despite its advantage of being effective, usually involves complex processing - typically multiple stages of task-specific pre-training and fine-tuning. This has motivated researchers to explore simpler pipelines…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Nilanjan Sinhababu , Andrew Parry , Debasis Ganguly , Debasis Samanta , Pabitra Mitra

Classifying scanned documents is a challenging problem that involves image, layout, and text analysis for document understanding. Nevertheless, for certain benchmark datasets, notably RVL-CDIP, the state of the art is closing in to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Anna Scius-Bertrand , Michael Jungo , Lars Vögtlin , Jean-Marc Spat , Andreas Fischer

Supervised ranking methods based on bi-encoder or cross-encoder architectures have shown success in multi-stage text ranking tasks, but they require large amounts of relevance judgments as training data. In this work, we propose Listwise…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Xueguang Ma , Xinyu Zhang , Ronak Pradeep , Jimmy Lin

Over the past year, the emergence of transfer learning with large-scale language models (LM) has led to dramatic performance improvements across a broad range of natural language understanding tasks. However, the size and memory footprint…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Luke Melas-Kyriazi , George Han , Celine Liang

Large language models (LLMs) can perform a wide range of tasks by following natural language instructions, without the necessity of task-specific fine-tuning. Unfortunately, the performance of LLMs is greatly influenced by the quality of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Zhihan Zhang , Shuohang Wang , Wenhao Yu , Yichong Xu , Dan Iter , Qingkai Zeng , Yang Liu , Chenguang Zhu , Meng Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive zero-shot performance across a variety of Natural Language Processing tasks, including document re-ranking. However, their effectiveness degrades on unseen tasks and domains, largely due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Marco Braga , Pranav Kasela , Alessandro Raganato , Gabriella Pasi

Researchers have successfully applied large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT to reranking in an information retrieval context, but to date, such work has mostly been built on proprietary models hidden behind opaque API endpoints. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Ronak Pradeep , Sahel Sharifymoghaddam , Jimmy Lin

Large language models~(LLMs) are instruction followers, but it can be challenging to find the best instruction for different situations, especially for black-box LLMs on which backpropagation is forbidden. Instead of directly optimizing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Lichang Chen , Jiuhai Chen , Tom Goldstein , Heng Huang , Tianyi Zhou

Ranking documents using Large Language Models (LLMs) by directly feeding the query and candidate documents into the prompt is an interesting and practical problem. However, researchers have found it difficult to outperform fine-tuned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Zhen Qin , Rolf Jagerman , Kai Hui , Honglei Zhuang , Junru Wu , Le Yan , Jiaming Shen , Tianqi Liu , Jialu Liu , Donald Metzler , Xuanhui Wang , Michael Bendersky

Recent work has shown that fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on large-scale instruction-following datasets substantially improves their performance on a wide range of NLP tasks, especially in the zero-shot setting. However, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Kai Zhang , Bernal Jiménez Gutiérrez , Yu Su