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Supervised causal learning has shown promise in causal discovery, yet it often struggles with generalization across diverse interventional settings, particularly when intervention targets are unknown. To address this, we propose TICL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Wei Chen , Rui Ding , Bojun Huang , Yang Zhang , Qiang Fu , Yuxuan Liang , Han Shi , Dongmei Zhang

Continual learning (CL) aims to train models sequentially over multiple domains without forgetting previously learned knowledge. However, existing CL methods optimize for in-domain performance and are therefore prone to learning spurious,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Pascal Janetzky , Tobias Schlagenhauf , Stefan Feuerriegel

Recent advances in imitation learning, particularly using generative modelling techniques like diffusion, have enabled policies to capture complex multi-modal action distributions. However, these methods often require large datasets and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Krishan Rana , Robert Lee , David Pershouse , Niko Suenderhauf

In this paper, we describe a novel approach to imitation learning that infers latent policies directly from state observations. We introduce a method that characterizes the causal effects of latent actions on observations while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Ashley D. Edwards , Himanshu Sahni , Yannick Schroecker , Charles L. Isbell

An important problem in many domains is to predict how a system will respond to interventions. This task is inherently linked to estimating the system's underlying causal structure. To this end, Invariant Causal Prediction (ICP) (Peters et…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-21 Christina Heinze-Deml , Jonas Peters , Nicolai Meinshausen

Learning models that gracefully handle distribution shifts is central to research on domain generalization, robust optimization, and fairness. A promising formulation is domain-invariant learning, which identifies the key issue of learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Elliot Creager , Jörn-Henrik Jacobsen , Richard Zemel

Causal models provide rich descriptions of complex systems as sets of mechanisms by which each variable is influenced by its direct causes. They support reasoning about manipulating parts of the system and thus hold promise for addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Julius von Kügelgen

Imitation Learning (IL) is an important paradigm within the broader reinforcement learning (RL) methodology. Unlike most of RL, it does not assume availability of reward-feedback. Reward inference and shaping are known to be difficult and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Rishabh Agrawal , Nathan Dahlin , Rahul Jain , Ashutosh Nayyar

Learning to perform tasks by leveraging a dataset of expert observations, also known as imitation learning from observations (ILO), is an important paradigm for learning skills without access to the expert reward function or the expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tanmay Gangwani , Yuan Zhou , Jian Peng

We provide explicit, finite-sample guarantees for learning causal representations from data with a sublinear number of environments. Causal representation learning seeks to provide a rigourous foundation for the general representation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-30 Inbeom Lee , Tongtong Jin , Bryon Aragam

Imitation Learning (IL) is an appealing approach to learn desirable autonomous behavior. However, directing IL to achieve arbitrary goals is difficult. In contrast, planning-based algorithms use dynamics models and reward functions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Nicholas Rhinehart , Rowan McAllister , Sergey Levine

Imitation learning (IL) is a simple and powerful way to use high-quality human driving data, which can be collected at scale, to produce human-like behavior. However, policies based on imitation learning alone often fail to sufficiently…

Drawbacks of ignoring the causal mechanisms when performing imitation learning have recently been acknowledged. Several approaches both to assess the feasibility of imitation and to circumvent causal confounding and causal misspecifications…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Fateme Jamshidi , Sina Akbari , Negar Kiyavash

Imitation Learning (IL) is an effective learning paradigm exploiting the interactions between agents and environments. It does not require explicit reward signals and instead tries to recover desired policies using expert demonstrations. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yang Liu , Yongzhe Chang , Shilei Jiang , Xueqian Wang , Bin Liang , Bo Yuan

Imitation Learning (IL) has emerged as a powerful approach in robotics, allowing robots to acquire new skills by mimicking human actions. Despite its potential, the data collection process for IL remains a significant challenge due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hamidreza Kasaei , Mohammadreza Kasaei

Imitation learning (IL) is a framework that learns to imitate expert behavior from demonstrations. Recently, IL shows promising results on high dimensional and control tasks. However, IL typically suffers from sample inefficiency in terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Lihua Zhang

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is attractive in scenarios where reward engineering can be tedious. However, prior IRL algorithms use on-policy transitions, which require intensive sampling from the current policy for stable and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hana Hoshino , Kei Ota , Asako Kanezaki , Rio Yokota

It is evidence that representation learning can improve model's performance over multiple downstream tasks in many real-world scenarios, such as image classification and recommender systems. Existing learning approaches rely on establishing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Mengyue Yang , Xinyu Cai , Furui Liu , Xu Chen , Zhitang Chen , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang

Online imitation learning (IL) is an algorithmic framework that leverages interactions with expert policies for efficient policy optimization. Here policies are optimized by performing online learning on a sequence of loss functions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Xinyan Yan , Byron Boots , Ching-An Cheng

Imitation learning is the problem of recovering an expert policy without access to a reward signal. Behavior cloning and GAIL are two widely used methods for performing imitation learning. Behavior cloning converges in a few iterations but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Rohit Jena , Changliu Liu , Katia Sycara