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We consider the minimum spanning tree problem on a weighted complete bipartite graph $K_{n_R, n_B}$ whose $n=n_R+n_B$ vertices are random, i.i.d. uniformly distributed points in the unit cube in $d$ dimensions and edge weights are the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Mario Correddu , Dario Trevisan

We show that a graph $G$ has a normal spanning tree if and only if its vertex set is the union of countably many sets each separated from any subdivided infinite clique in $G$ by a finite set of vertices. This proves a conjecture by Brochet…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-27 Max Pitz

Among subgraphs with a fixed number of vertices of the regular square lattice, we prove inequalities that essentially say that those with smaller boundaries have larger numbers of spanning trees and vice-versa. As an application, we relate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Kristopher Tapp

The number of spanning trees of a graph $G$, denoted $\tau(G)$, is a well studied graph parameter with numerous connections to other areas of mathematics. In a recent remarkable paper, answering a question of Sedl\'a\v{c}ek from 1969, Chan,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Noga Alon , Matija Bucić , Lior Gishboliner

In this paper, we address the Ehrenborg's conjecture which proposes that for any bipartite graph the number of spanning trees does not exceed the product of the degrees of the vertices divided by the product of the sizes of the graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Albina Volkova

We present exact and heuristic algorithms that find, for a given family of graphs, a graph that contains each member of the family as an induced subgraph. For $0 \leq k \leq 6$, we give the minimum number of vertices $f(k)$ in a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-26 James Trimble

For a graph $G$, let $\tau(G)$ denote the number of spanning trees. We show that for every fixed $0 < c < 1/4$, the number of distinct values of $\tau(G)$, as $G$ ranges over simple graphs on $n$ vertices, is at least $\exp(c n \log n)$ for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Vishesh Jain

Given a graph $G$ rooted at a vertex $r$ and weight functions, $\gamma, \tau: E(G) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, the generalized cable-trench problem (CTP) is to find a single spanning tree that simultaneously minimizes the sum of the total edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-12 Mya Davis , Carl Hammarsten , Siddarth Menon , Maria Pasaylo , Dane Sheridan

The problem of spanning trees is closely related to various interesting problems in the area of statistical physics, but determining the number of spanning trees in general networks is computationally intractable. In this paper, we perform…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-04-23 Zhongzhi Zhang , Bin Wu , Yuan Lin

We give a series of new lower bounds on the minimum number of vertices required by a graph to contain every graph of a given family as induced subgraph. In particular, we show that this induced-universal graph for $n$-vertex planar graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Cyril Gavoille , Amaury Jacques

The Tur\'an number $\text{ex}(n,H)$ of a graph $H$ is the maximal number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. In $1983$ Chung and Erd\H{o}s asked which graphs $H$ with $e$ edges minimize $\text{ex}(n,H)$. They resolved this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Matija Bucić , Nemanja Draganić , Benny Sudakov

The subgraph number of a vertex in a graph is defined as the number of connected subgraphs containing that vertex. The graph and its vertex which correspond to the minimum subgraph number among all graphs on $n$ vertices and $k$ cut…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Dinesh Pandey , Peruvemba Sundaram Ravi

A graph is called a sum graph if its vertices can be labelled by distinct positive integers such that there is an edge between two vertices if and only if the sum of their labels is the label of another vertex of the graph. Most papers on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Henning Fernau , Kshitij Gajjar

We show that for all $\gamma > 0$ and $\Delta \in \mathbb{N}$, there is some $n_0$ such that, if $n \geq n_0$, then every oriented graph on $n$ vertices with minimum semidegree at least $(3/8 + \gamma)n$ contains a copy of each oriented…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Pedro Araújo , Giovanne Santos , Maya Stein

We show that every cubic graph on $n$ vertices contains a spanning subgraph in which the number of vertices of each degree deviates from $\frac{n}{4}$ by at most $\frac{1}{2}$, up to three exceptions. This resolves the conjecture of Alon…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Borut Lužar , Jakub Przybyło , Roman Soták

A graph $G$ of order $n$ is called edge-pancyclic if, for every integer $k$ with $3 \leq k \leq n$, every edge of $G$ lies in a cycle of length $k$. Determining the minimum size $f(n)$ of a simple edge-pancyclic graph with $n$ vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Xiamiao Zhao , Yuxuan Yang

We show that every complete $n$-vertex simple topological graph contains a topological subgraph on at least $(\log n)^{1/4 - o(1)}$ vertices that is weakly isomorphic to the complete convex geometric graph or the complete twisted graph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-08 Andrew Suk , Ji Zeng

We classify connected spanning convex subgraphs of the square cycles. We then show that every spanning tree of $C_n^2$ is contained in a unique nontrivial connected spanning convex subgraph of $C_n^2$. As a result, we obtain a purely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Akihiro Munemasa , Yuuho Tanaka

We develop tail estimates for the number of edges in a Chung-Lu random graph with regularly varying weight distribution. Our results show that the most likely way to have an unusually large number of edges is through the presence of one or…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Clara Stegehuis , Bert Zwart

A good edge-labelling of a simple, finite graph is a labelling of its edges with real numbers such that, for every ordered pair of vertices (u,v), there is at most one nondecreasing path from u to v. In this paper we prove that any graph on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Abbas Mehrabian , Dieter Mitsche , Paweł Prałat