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Large language models (LLMs) have become essential tools in software development, widely used for requirements engineering, code generation and review tasks. Software engineers often rely on LLMs to assess whether system code implementation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Haolin Jin , Huaming Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code but often introduce security vulnerabilities, logical inconsistencies, and compilation errors. Prior work demonstrates that LLMs benefit substantially from structured feedback, static analysis,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Vidyut Sriram , Sawan Pandita , Achintya Lakshmanan , Aneesh Shamraj , Suman Saha

The code generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the field of software development. However, this advancement also presents significant security challenges, as LLM-generated code often contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rupam Patir , Keyan Guo , Haipeng Cai , Hongxin Hu

Large language models (LLMs) and their agentic frameworks are increasingly adopted to perform development tasks such as automated program repair (APR). While prior work has identified security risks in LLM-generated code, most have focused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amirali Sajadi , Kostadin Damevski , Preetha Chatterjee

Recent advances in code generation have illuminated the potential of employing large language models (LLMs) for general-purpose programming languages such as Python and C++, opening new opportunities for automating software development and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jiahao Gai , Hao Mark Chen , Zhican Wang , Hongyu Zhou , Wanru Zhao , Nicholas Lane , Hongxiang Fan

Malware authors often employ code obfuscations to make their malware harder to detect. Existing tools for generating obfuscated code often require access to the original source code (e.g., C++ or Java), and adding new obfuscations is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Seyedreza Mohseni , Seyedali Mohammadi , Deepa Tilwani , Yash Saxena , Gerald Ketu Ndawula , Sriram Vema , Edward Raff , Manas Gaur

The recent advancements of Small Language Models (SLMs) have opened new possibilities for efficient code generation. SLMs offer lightweight and cost-effective alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), making them attractive for use in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Md Mahade Hasan , Muhammad Waseem , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Jussi Rasku , Juha Ala-Rantala , Pekka Abrahamsson

Despite the impressive performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software development activities, recent studies show the concern of introducing vulnerabilities into software codebase by AI programming assistants (e.g., Copilot,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Sung Yong Kim , Zhiyu Fan , Yannic Noller , Abhik Roychoudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs), now a foundation in advancing natural language processing, power applications such as text generation, machine translation, and conversational systems. Despite their transformative potential, these models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kang Chen , Xiuze Zhou , Yuanguo Lin , Jinhe Su , Yuanhui Yu , Li Shen , Fan Lin

Large language models (LLMs) can be used to support software development tasks, e.g., through code completion or code generation. However, their effectiveness drops significantly when considering less popular programming languages such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 David Delgado , Lola Burgueño , Robert Clarisó

As we increasingly depend on software systems, the consequences of breaches in the software supply chain become more severe. High-profile cyber attacks like those on SolarWinds and ShadowHammer have resulted in significant financial and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Tanmay Singla , Dharun Anandayuvaraj , Kelechi G. Kalu , Taylor R. Schorlemmer , James C. Davis

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has introduced transformative potential in automated code generation, addressing a wide range of software engineering challenges. However, empirical evaluation of LLM-based code generation lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Nathalia Nascimento , Everton Guimaraes , Paulo Alencar

Spurred by the recent rapid increase in the development and distribution of large language models (LLMs) across industry and academia, much recent work has drawn attention to safety- and security-related threats and vulnerabilities of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Maximilian Mozes , Xuanli He , Bennett Kleinberg , Lewis D. Griffin

Nowadays, developers increasingly rely on solutions powered by Large Language Models (LLM) to assist them with their coding tasks. This makes it crucial to align these tools with human values to prevent malicious misuse. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Ali Al-Kaswan , Sebastian Deatc , Begüm Koç , Arie van Deursen , Maliheh Izadi

The capability of generating high-quality source code using large language models (LLMs) reduces software development time and costs. However, they often introduce security vulnerabilities due to training on insecure open-source data. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Mahmoud Nazzal , Issa Khalil , Abdallah Khreishah , NhatHai Phan

Large Language Model (LLM)-generated data is increasingly used in software analytics, but it is unclear how this data compares to human-written data, particularly when models are exposed to adversarial scenarios. Adversarial attacks can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Md. Abdul Awal , Mrigank Rochan , Chanchal K. Roy

Large Language Models (LLMs) for code have gained significant attention recently. They can generate code in different programming languages based on provided prompts, fulfilling a long-lasting dream in Software Engineering (SE), i.e.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Florian Tambon , Arghavan Moradi Dakhel , Amin Nikanjam , Foutse Khomh , Michel C. Desmarais , Giuliano Antoniol

Large language models write production code, and yet they routinely introduce well-known vulnerabilities. We show that this is not a knowledge deficit: the same models that generate insecure code, correctly identify and explain the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gustavo Sandoval , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

Large language models (LLMs) are now widely used to draft and refactor code, but code that works is not necessarily secure. We evaluate secure code generation using the Instruct Prime, which eliminated compliance-required prompts and cue…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Arup Datta , Ahmed Aljohani , Hyunsook Do

Recent years have seen the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for code generation. Different from existing work that evaluate the correctness of the code generated by LLMs, we propose to further evaluate its efficiency.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Changan Niu , Ting Zhang , Chuanyi Li , Bin Luo , Vincent Ng