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Quantitative analysis of microscopy images is essential in the design and fabrication of components used in augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) modules. However, segmenting regions of interest (ROIs) from these complex images and…

Recently, large pre-trained vision-language models have shown remarkable performance in zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD). With fine-tuning on a single auxiliary dataset, the model enables cross-category anomaly detection on diverse…

For reliable deployment of deep-learning systems, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is indispensable. In the real world, where test-time inputs often arrive as streaming mixtures of in-distribution (ID) and OOD samples under evolving…

Unsupervised Anomaly detection (AD) requires building a notion of normalcy, distinguishing in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) data, using only available ID samples. Recently, large gains were made on this task for the domain…

Classification based on Zero-shot Learning (ZSL) is the ability of a model to classify inputs into novel classes on which the model has not previously seen any training examples. Providing an auxiliary descriptor in the form of a set of…

We study the problem of distributed zero-order optimization for a class of strongly convex functions. They are formed by the average of local objectives, associated to different nodes in a prescribed network of connections. We propose a…

Two families of directional direct search methods have emerged in derivative-free and blackbox optimization (DFO and BBO), each based on distinct principles: Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) and Sufficient Decrease Direct Search (SDDS).…

We present a framework for discriminative sequence classification where the learner works directly in the high dimensional predictor space of all subsequences in the training set. This is possible by employing a new coordinate-descent…

This article describes a novel optimization solution framework, called alternating gradient descent (GD) and minimization (AltGDmin), that is useful for many problems for which alternating minimization (AltMin) is a popular solution. AltMin…

Zero-shot and prompt-based models have excelled at visual reasoning tasks by leveraging large-scale natural image corpora, but they often fail on sparse and domain-specific scientific image data. We introduce Zenesis, a no-code interactive…

How does the choice of training data influence an AI model? This broad question is of central importance to interpretability, privacy, and basic science. At its technical core is the data deletion problem: after a reasonable amount of…

We formalize and analyze a fundamental component of differentiable neural architecture search (NAS): local "operation scoring" at each operation choice. We view existing operation scoring functions as inexact proxies for accuracy, and we…

Anomaly detection (AD) is increasingly recognized as a key component for ensuring the resilience of future communication systems. While deep learning has shown state-of-the-art AD performance, its application in critical systems is hindered…

Anomaly detection is an important task for complex systems (e.g., industrial facilities, manufacturing, large-scale science experiments), where failures in a sub-system can lead to low yield, faulty products, or even damage to components.…

Algorithmic Differentiation (AD) can be used to automate the generation of derivatives in arbitrary software projects. This will generate maintainable derivatives, that are always consistent with the computation of the software. If a domain…

Automatic differentiation, also known as backpropagation, AD, autodiff, or algorithmic differentiation, is a popular technique for computing derivatives of computer programs accurately and efficiently. Sometimes, however, the derivatives…

In (\cite{zhang2014nonlinear,zhang2014nonlinear2}), we have viewed machine learning as a coding and dimensionality reduction problem, and further proposed a simple unsupervised dimensionality reduction method, entitled deep distributed…

This paper presents a novel coordinate descent algorithm leveraging a combination of one-directional line search and gradient information for parameter updates for a squared error loss function. Each parameter undergoes updates determined…

Early detection of newly emerging diseases, lesion severity assessment, differentiation of medical conditions and automated screening are examples for the wide applicability and importance of anomaly detection (AD) and unsupervised…

Subspace clustering is a classical technique that has been widely used for human motion segmentation and other related tasks. However, existing segmentation methods often cluster data without guidance from prior knowledge, resulting in…