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WebAssembly (Wasm) has risen as a widely used technology to distribute computing workloads on different platforms. The platform independence offered through Wasm makes it an attractive solution for many different applications that can run…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Markus Berthilsson , Christian Gehrmann

WebAssembly is the new low-level language for the web and has now been implemented in all major browsers since over a year. To ensure the security, performance, and correctness of future web applications, there is a strong need for dynamic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Daniel Lehmann , Michael Pradel

Many small to large organizations have adopted the Microservices Architecture (MSA) style to develop and deliver their core businesses. Despite the popularity of MSA in the software industry, there is a limited evidence-based and thorough…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Muhammad Waseem , Peng Liang , Aakash Ahmad , Arif Ali Khan , Mojtaba Shahin , Pekka Abrahamsson , Ali Rezaei Nasab , Tommi Mikkonen

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level portable code format offering near native performance. It is intended as a compilation target for a wide variety of source languages. However, Wasm provides no direct support for non-local control flow…

The increasing heterogeneity of hardware and software in the Internet of Things (IoT) poses a major challenge for the portability, maintainability and deployment of software on devices with limited resources. WebAssembly (WASM), originally…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mislav Has , Tao Xiong , Fehmi Ben Abdesslem , Mario Kušek

In modern software development, the JavaScript ecosystem of various frameworks and libraries used to develop contemporary web applications presents many advantages. JavaScript is a widely known interpreted programming language, simple to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-16 M. Sipek , D. Muharemagic , B. Mihaljevic , A. Radovan

Web client fingerprinting has become a widely used technique for uniquely identifying users, browsers, operating systems, and devices with high accuracy. While it is beneficial for applications such as fraud detection and personalized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mordechai Guri , Dor Fibert

In this paper, we present the design of Owi, a symbolic interpreter for WebAssembly written in OCaml, and how we used it to create a state-of-the-art tool to find bugs in programs combining C and Rust code. WebAssembly (Wasm) is a binary…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Léo Andrès , Filipe Marques , Arthur Carcano , Pierre Chambart , José Fragoso Santos , Jean-Christophe Filliâtre

The HTML5 <canvas> is widely used to display high quality graphics in web applications. However, the combination of web, GUI, and visual techniques that are required to build <canvas> applications, together with the lack of testing and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Finlay Macklon , Markos Viggiato , Natalia Romanova , Chris Buzon , Dale Paas , Cor-Paul Bezemer

A significant amount of both client and server-side cryptography is implemented in JavaScript. Despite widespread concerns about its security, no other language has been able to match the convenience that comes from its ubiquitous support…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Conrad Watt , John Renner , Natalie Popescu , Sunjay Cauligi , Deian Stefan

Cloud computing requires isolation and portability for workloads. Cloud vendors must isolate each user's resources from others to prevent them from attacking other users or the whole system. Users may want to move their applications to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Soichiro Ueda , Ai Nozaki , Daisuke Kotani , Yasuo Okabe

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level binary format for web applications, which has found widespread adoption due to its improved performance and compatibility with existing software. However, the popularity of Wasm has also led to its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Nils Loose , Felix Mächtle , Claudius Pott , Volodymyr Bezsmertnyi , Thomas Eisenbarth

WebAssembly (WASM) is an immensely versatile and increasingly popular compilation target. It executes applications written in several languages (e.g., C/C++) with near-native performance in various domains (e.g., mobile, edge, cloud).…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Martin Fink , Dimitrios Stavrakakis , Dennis Sprokholt , Soham Chakraborty , Jan-Erik Ekberg , Pramod Bhatotia

WebAssembly is a new binary instruction format that allows targeted compiled code written in high-level languages to be executed with near-native speed by the browser's JavaScript engine. However, given that WebAssembly binaries can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Tiago Brito , Pedro Lopes , Nuno Santos , José Fragoso Santos

WebAssembly (Wasm) is rapidly gaining popularity as a distribution format for software components embedded in various security-critical domains. Unfortunately, despite its prudent design, WebAssembly's primary use case as a compilation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Markus Scherer , Jeppe Fredsgaard Blaabjerg , Alexander Sjösten , Matteo Maffei

Most programs compiled to WebAssembly (Wasm) today are written in unsafe languages like C and C++. Unfortunately, memory-unsafe C code remains unsafe when compiled to Wasm -- and attackers can exploit buffer overflows and use-after-frees in…

Containerization has become a ubiquitous tool in software development. Due to its numerous benefits, including platform interoperability and secure execution of untrusted third-party code, this technology is a boon to industrial automation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Maximilian Seidler , Alexander Krause , Peter Ulbrich

WebAssembly seeks to provide an alternative to running large and untrusted binaries within web browsers by implementing a portable, performant, and secure bytecode format for native web computation. However, WebAssembly is largely unstudied…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Aron Szanto , Timothy Tamm , Artidoro Pagnoni

Browser fingerprinting defenses have historically focused on detecting JavaScript(JS)-based tracking techniques. However, the widespread adoption of WebAssembly (WASM) introduces a potential blind spot, as adversaries can convert JS to…

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a novel low-level bytecode format that swiftly gained popularity for its efficiency, versatility and security, with near-native performance. Besides, trusted execution environments (TEEs) shield critical software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Jämes Ménétrey , Marcelo Pasin , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni