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Convolutional neural network-based medical image classifiers have been shown to be especially susceptible to adversarial examples. Such instabilities are likely to be unacceptable in the future of automated diagnoses. Though statistical…

The classification of mental health is challenging for a variety of reasons. For one, there is overlap between the mental health issues. In addition, the signs of mental health issues depend on the context of the situation, making…

Due to the limited availability of medical data, deep learning approaches for medical image analysis tend to generalise poorly to unseen data. Augmenting data during training with random transformations has been shown to help and became a…

Vision Transformer (ViT) models, utilizing self-attention mechanisms, have demonstrated robust generalization capabilities across various vision tasks, including image classification. However, these models, typically pretrained on general…

Computed tomography (CT) and clinical numeric data are essential modalities for cancer evaluation, but building large-scale multimodal training datasets for developing medical foundation models remains challenging due to the structural…

Self-supervised pretraining has been shown to yield powerful representations for transfer learning. These performance gains come at a large computational cost however, with state-of-the-art methods requiring an order of magnitude more…

Fast adversarial training (FAT) is an efficient method to improve robustness. However, the original FAT suffers from catastrophic overfitting, which dramatically and suddenly reduces robustness after a few training epochs. Although various…

Overfitting describes a machine learning phenomenon where the model fits too closely to the training data, resulting in poor generalization. While this occurrence is thoroughly documented for many forms of supervised learning, it is not…

The integration of deep learning based systems in clinical practice is often impeded by challenges rooted in limited and heterogeneous medical datasets. In addition, the field has increasingly prioritized marginal performance gains on a…

A key requirement for the success of supervised deep learning is a large labeled dataset - a condition that is difficult to meet in medical image analysis. Self-supervised learning (SSL) can help in this regard by providing a strategy to…

The success of deep learning is usually accompanied by the growth in neural network depth. However, the traditional training method only supervises the neural network at its last layer and propagates the supervision layer-by-layer, which…

Adversarial training has become one of the most effective methods for improving robustness of neural networks. However, it often suffers from poor generalization on both clean and perturbed data. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm,…

Adversarial attacks pose significant challenges for vision models in critical fields like healthcare, where reliability is essential. Although adversarial training has been well studied in natural images, its application to biomedical and…

Self-supervised contrastive learning is an effective approach for addressing the challenge of limited labelled data. This study builds upon the previously established two-stage patch-level, multi-label classification method for…

Self-supervised contrastive learning is among the recent representation learning methods that have shown performance gains in several downstream tasks including semantic segmentation. This paper evaluates strong data augmentation, one of…

Lesion detection is a fundamental problem in the computer-aided diagnosis scheme for mammography. The advance of deep learning techniques have made a remarkable progress for this task, provided that the training data are large and…

There is an increasing number of medical use-cases where classification algorithms based on deep neural networks reach performance levels that are competitive with human medical experts. To alleviate the challenges of small dataset sizes,…

In software engineering, deep learning models are increasingly deployed for critical tasks such as bug detection and code review. However, overfitting remains a challenge that affects the quality, reliability, and trustworthiness of…

Deep neural networks are widely used in various fields because of their powerful performance. However, recent studies have shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, i.e., adding a slight perturbation to the…

The growing use of Machine Learning has produced significant advances in many fields. For image-based tasks, however, the use of deep learning remains challenging in small datasets. In this article, we review, evaluate and compare the…