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Code comments are important for program comprehension, development, and maintenance tasks. Given the varying standards for code comments, and their unstructured or semi-structured nature, developers get easily confused (especially novice…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Pooja Rani , Mathias Birrer , Sebastiano Panichella , Mohammad Ghafari , Oscar Nierstrasz

Mobile devices encroach on almost every part of our lives, including work and leisure, and contain a wealth of personal and sensitive information. It is, therefore, imperative that these devices uphold high security standards. A key aspect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Sadegh Farhang , Mehmet Bahadir Kirdan , Aron Laszka , Jens Grossklags

Online services like Google provide a variety of application programming interfaces (APIs). These online APIs enable authenticated third-party services and applications (apps) to access a user's account data for tasks such as single sign-on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-08 David G. Balash , Xiaoyuan Wu , Miles Grant , Irwin Reyes , Adam J. Aviv

The Android unrestricted application market, being of open source nature, has made it a popular platform for third-party applications reaching millions of smart devices in the world. This tremendous increase in applications with an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Stylianos Monogios , Konstantinos Limniotis , Nicholas Kolokotronis , Stavros Shiaeles

Google's Android is a comprehensive software framework for mobile communication devices (i.e., smartphones, PDAs). The Android framework includes an operating system, middleware and a set of key applications. The incorporation of integrated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-12-31 A. Shabtai , Y. Fledel , U. Kanonov , Y. Elovici , S. Dolev

Third-party tracking allows companies to collect users' behavioural data and track their activity across digital devices. This can put deep insights into users' private lives into the hands of strangers, and often happens without users'…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Konrad Kollnig , Reuben Binns , Pierre Dewitte , Max Van Kleek , Ge Wang , Daniel Omeiza , Helena Webb , Nigel Shadbolt

Recent studies observe that app foreground is the most striking component that influences the access control decisions in mobile platform, as users tend to deny permission requests lacking visible evidence. However, none of the existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Hao Fu , Zizhan Zheng , Sencun Zhu , Pransant Mohapatra

The management of third-party package dependencies is crucial to most technology stacks, with package managers acting as brokers to ensure that a verified package is correctly installed, configured, or removed from an application. Diversity…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Syful Islam , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Christoph Treude , Bodin Chinthanet , Takashi Ishio , Kenichi Matsumoto

Since Google unveiled Android OS for smartphones, malware are thriving with 3Vs, i.e. volume, velocity, and variety. A recent report indicates that one out of every five business/industry mobile application leaks sensitive personal data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Hemant Rathore , Sanjay K. Sahay , Ritvik Rajvanshi , Mohit Sewak

Contemporary mobile applications (apps) are designed to track, use, and share users' data, often without their consent, which results in potential privacy and transparency issues. To investigate whether mobile apps have always been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Saad Sajid Hashmi , Nazar Waheed , Gioacchino Tangari , Muhammad Ikram , Stephen Smith

Well established libraries typically have API documentation. However, they frequently lack examples and explanations, possibly making difficult their effective reuse. Stack Overflow is a question-and-answer website oriented to issues…

Current software development takes advantage of many external libraries, but it entails security and copyright risks. While the use of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) has been encouraged to cope with this problem, its adoption is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Wataru Otoda , Tetsuya Kanda , Yuki Manabe , Katsuro Inoue , Yoshiki Higo

Artificial Intelligence systems, which benefit from the availability of large-scale datasets and increasing computational power, have become effective solutions to various critical tasks, such as natural language understanding, speech…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Zhou Yang , Chenyu Wang , Jieke Shi , Thong Hoang , Pavneet Kochhar , Qinghua Lu , Zhenchang Xing , David Lo

XML configuration files are widely used in Android to define an app's user interface and essential runtime information such as system permissions. As Android evolves, it might introduce functional changes in the configuration environment,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Huaxun Huang , Ming Wen , Lili Wei , Yepang Liu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Android apps collecting data from users must comply with legal frameworks to ensure data protection. This requirement has become even more important since the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by the European…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Mugdha Khedkar , Michael Schlichtig , Eric Bodden

Usable and secure authentication on the web and beyond is mission-critical. While password-based authentication is still widespread, users have trouble dealing with potentially hundreds of online accounts and their passwords. Alternatives…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jan H. Klemmer , Marco Gutfleisch , Christian Stransky , Yasemin Acar , M. Angela Sasse , Sascha Fahl

Software workplaces are increasingly recognized as key spaces for professional development, where developers encounter various challenges in their roles, which they often discuss in online forums. This paper analyzes 47,368 posts on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Natasha Grech , Md Farhad Hossain , Omar Alam

Robots can greatly enhance human capabilities, yet their development presents a range of challenges. This collaborative study, conducted by a team of software engineering and robotics researchers, seeks to identify the challenges…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hisham Kidwai , Danika Passler Bates , Sujana Islam Suhi , Md Nahidul Islam Opu , James Young , Shaiful Chowdhury

This paper presents a large-scale analysis of fingerprinting-like behavior in the mobile application ecosystem. We take a market-based approach, focusing on third-party tracking as enabled by applications' common use of third-party SDKs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Michael A. Specter , Mihai Christodorescu , Abbie Farr , Bo Ma , Robin Lassonde , Xiaoyang Xu , Xiang Pan , Fengguo Wei , Saswat Anand , Dave Kleidermacher

To satisfy varying customer needs, device vendors and OS providers often rely on the open-source nature of the Android OS and offer customized versions of the Android OS. When a new version of the Android OS is released, device vendors and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pei Liu , Mattia Fazzini , John Grundy , Li Li