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We propose a high-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that employs temporal correlations of entangled photons. The security of the protocol relies on measurements by Alice and Bob in one of two conjugate bases, implemented…

Two deterministic secure quantum communication schemes are proposed, one based on pure entangled states and the other on $d$-dimensional single-photon states. In these two schemes, only single-photon measurements are required for the two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Chun-Yan Li , Yu-Jie Liang , Ping Zhou , Hong-Yu Zhou

The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) possesses the highest security among all practical quantum key distribution protocols. However, existing multi-intensity decoy-state methods may cause loopholes when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Chun-Hui Zhang , Chun-Mei Zhang , Qin Wang

In secure quantum communication protocols, a set of single qubits prepared using 2 or more mutually unbiased bases or a set of $n$-qubit ($n\geq2$) entangled states of a particular form are usually used to form a verification string which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Rishi Dutt Sharma , Kishore Thapliyal , Anirban Pathak , Alok Kumar Pan , Asok De

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is an innovative quantum communications protocol which exploits the laws of quantum mechanics to generate unconditionally secure cryptographic keying material between two geographically separated parties. The…

We present a framework of a multimode dense coding network with multiple senders and a single receiver using continuous variable systems. The protocol is scalable to arbitrary numbers of modes with the encoding being displacements while the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-29 Ayan Patra , Rivu Gupta , Saptarshi Roy , Tamoghna Das , Aditi Sen De

We extend covert communication to the quantum regime by showing that covert quantum communication is possible over optical channels with noise arising either from the environment or from the sender's lab. In particular, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Valerio Scarani

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) offers higher information capacity and stronger resilience to noise compared to its binary counterpart. However, these advantages are often hindered by the difficulty of realizing the required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Ohad Lib , Kfir Sulimany , Mateus Araújo , Michael Ben-Or , Yaron Bromberg

Establishing scalable, secure quantum networks requires advancing beyond conventional point-to-point quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols toward point-to-multipoint QKD protocols. Here, we generalize a well-established…

Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are designed to allow two users to establish a secure secret key when one of the two users is limited to performing certain "classical" operations. There have been several such protocols developed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-17 Walter O. Krawec

We introduce a ternary quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol and asymptotic security proof based on three coherent states and homodyne detection. Previous work had considered the binary case of two coherent states and here we nontrivially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Kamil Bradler , Christian Weedbrook

Variations of phase-matching measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (PM-MDI QKD) protocols have been investigated before, but it was recently discovered that this type of protocol (under the name of twin-field QKD) can beat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 Jie Lin , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers a way for establishing information-theoretically secure communications. An important part of QKD technology is a high-quality random number generator (RNG) for quantum states preparation and for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 A. S. Trushechkin , P. A. Tregubov , E. O. Kiktenko , Y. V. Kurochkin , A. K. Fedorov

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is one of the basic communication primitives in future quantum networks which addresses part of the basic cryptographic tasks of multiparty communication and computation. Nevertheless, it is a challenge to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 Ao Shen , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yang Wang , Yao Fu , Jie Gu , Wen-Bo Liu , Chen-Xun Weng , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Cryptographic protocols are often implemented at upper layers of communication networks, while error-correcting codes are employed at the physical layer. In this paper, we consider utilizing readily-available physical layer functions, such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Nasser Aldaghri , Hessam Mahdavifar

In contrast to classical public-key cryptosystems, where the security of encoded messages relies on on computational assumptions, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables two distant parties to establish a shared secret key that, when…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) guarantees the secure communication between legitimate parties with quantum mechanics. High-dimensional QKD (HDQKD) not only increases the secret key rate but also tolerates higher quantum bit error rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Fang-Xiang Wang , Wei Chen , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Realizing secure communication between distant parties is one of quantum technology's main goals. Although quantum key distribution promises information-theoretic security for sharing a secret key, the key rate heavily depends on the level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Shin Sun , Kenneth Goodenough , Daniel Bhatti , David Elkouss

Quantum key distribution (QKD) represents a cornerstone of secure communication in the quantum era. While discrete-variable QKD (DV-QKD) protocols were historically the first to demonstrate secure key exchange, continuous-variable QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Mobin Motaharifar , Mahmood Hasani , Hassan Kaatuzian

Existing quantum computers can only operate with hundreds of qubits in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) state, while quantum distributed computing (QDC) is regarded as a reliable way to address this limitation, allowing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Hui Zhong , Keyi Ju , Jiachen Shen , Xinyue Zhang , Xiaoqi Qin , Tomoaki Ohtsuki , Miao Pan , Zhu Han