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This report surveys the landscape of potential security threats from malicious uses of AI, and proposes ways to better forecast, prevent, and mitigate these threats. After analyzing the ways in which AI may influence the threat landscape in…

This report presents a comprehensive response to the United Nation's Interim Report on Governing Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Humanity. It emphasizes the transformative potential of AI in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals…

This article addresses the societal costs associated with the lack of regulation in Artificial Intelligence and proposes a framework combining innovation and regulation. Over fifty years of AI research, catalyzed by declining computing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Paulo Carvão

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are revolutionizing fields such as medicine, drug discovery, and materials science; however, many technologists and policymakers are also concerned about the technology's risks. To date, most concrete…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Prateek Puri

Training advanced AI models requires large investments in computational resources, or compute. Yet, as hardware innovation reduces the price of compute and algorithmic advances make its use more efficient, the cost of training an AI model…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Konstantin Pilz , Lennart Heim , Nicholas Brown

As the rapid proliferation of AI systems and harms spurs efforts in AI governance around the world, prioritizing among competing policy options has become increasingly challenging for policymakers and researchers. We introduce a methodology…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Julia Barnett , Kimon Kieslich , Natali Helberger , Nicholas Diakopoulos

The increasing deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and other autonomous algorithmic systems presents the world with new systemic risks. While focus often lies on the function of individual algorithms, a critical and underestimated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Maurice Chiodo , Dennis Müller

Organizations and governments that develop, deploy, use, and govern AI must coordinate on effective risk mitigation. However, the landscape of AI risk mitigation frameworks is fragmented, uses inconsistent terminology, and has gaps in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Alexander K. Saeri , Sophia Lloyd George , Jess Graham , Clelia D. Lacarriere , Peter Slattery , Michael Noetel , Neil Thompson

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have historically been used as tools that execute narrowly defined tasks. Yet recent advances in AI have unlocked possibilities for a new class of models that genuinely collaborate with humans in complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kerem Oktar , Katherine M. Collins , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Diane Coyle , Stephen Cave , Adrian Weller , Ilia Sucholutsky

This paper presents an argument that certain AI safety measures, rather than mitigating existential risk, may instead exacerbate it. Under certain key assumptions - the inevitability of AI failure, the expected correlation between an AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Herman Cappelen , Josh Dever , John Hawthorne

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has seen mainstream adoption lately, especially in the form of consumer-facing, open-ended, text and image generating models. However, the use of such systems raises significant ethical and safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Avijit Ghosh , Dhanya Lakshmi

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies continue to advance, effective risk assessment, regulation, and oversight are necessary to ensure that AI development and deployment align with ethical principles while preserving innovation and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Georgios Pavlidis

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) promises transformative benefits but also presents significant risks. We develop an approach to address the risk of harms consequential enough to significantly harm humanity. We identify four areas of…

Agentic AIs $-$ AIs that are capable and permitted to undertake complex actions with little supervision $-$ mark a new frontier in AI capabilities and raise new questions about how to safely create and align such systems with users,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Hayley Clatterbuck , Clinton Castro , Arvo Muñoz Morán

In light of recent advancements in AI capabilities and the increasingly widespread integration of AI systems into society, governments worldwide are actively seeking to mitigate the potential harms and risks associated with these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Anka Reuel , Lisa Soder , Ben Bucknall , Trond Arne Undheim

This paper argues that training AI systems with absolute constraints -- which forbid certain acts irrespective of the amount of value they might produce -- may make considerable progress on many AI safety problems in principle. First, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Mitchell Barrington

The digital transformation leads to fundamental change in organizational structures. To be able to apply new technologies not only selectively, processes in companies must be revised and functional units must be viewed holistically,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-18 Eva Ponick , Gabriele Wieczorek

Embedded into information systems, artificial intelligence (AI) faces security threats that exploit AI-specific vulnerabilities. This paper provides an accessible overview of adversarial attacks unique to predictive and generative AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Naoto Kiribuchi , Kengo Zenitani , Takayuki Semitsu

Generative AI systems produce a range of risks. To ensure the safety of generative AI systems, these risks must be evaluated. In this paper, we make two main contributions toward establishing such evaluations. First, we propose a…

We present a quantitative model for tracking dangerous AI capabilities over time. Our goal is to help the policy and research community visualise how dangerous capability testing can give us an early warning about approaching AI risks. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Paolo Bova , Alessandro Di Stefano , The Anh Han