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State-of-the-art approaches for image captioning require supervised training data consisting of captions with paired image data. These methods are typically unable to use unsupervised data such as textual data with no corresponding images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Wenhu Chen , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Image captioning is a research hotspot where encoder-decoder models combining convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) achieve promising results. Despite significant progress, these models generate sentences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Hongwei Ge , Zehang Yan , Kai Zhang , Mingde Zhao , Liang Sun

Vision-language models have been key to the development of open-vocabulary 2D semantic segmentation. Lifting these models from 2D images to 3D scenes, however, remains a challenging problem. Existing approaches typically back-project and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tomas Berriel Martins , Martin R. Oswald , Javier Civera

This paper explores a multimodal co-training framework designed to enhance model generalization in situations where labeled data is limited and distribution shifts occur. We thoroughly examine the theoretical foundations of this framework,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Tianyu Bell Pan , Damon L. Woodard

Effectively aligning with human judgment when evaluating machine-generated image captions represents a complex yet intriguing challenge. Existing evaluation metrics like CIDEr or CLIP-Score fall short in this regard as they do not take into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Building general-purpose models that can effectively perceive the world through multimodal signals has been a long-standing goal. Current approaches involve integrating separately pre-trained components, such as connecting vision encoders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Mustafa Shukor , Enrico Fini , Victor Guilherme Turrisi da Costa , Matthieu Cord , Joshua Susskind , Alaaeldin El-Nouby

The proliferation of multi-modal fake news on social media poses a significant threat to public trust and social stability. Traditional detection methods, primarily text-based, often fall short due to the deceptive interplay between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Junhao He , Tianyu Liu , Jingyuan Zhao , Benjamin Turner

With the rapid growth of video data on the internet, video summarization is becoming a very important AI technology. However, due to the high labelling cost of video summarization, existing studies have to be conducted on small-scale…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Cairong Zhao , Chutian Wang , Zifan Song , Guosheng Hu , Haonan Chen , Xiaofan Zhai

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models has become the prevalent paradigm for building downstream NLP models. Oftentimes fine-tuned models are readily available but their training data is not, due to data privacy or intellectual property…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren , Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro , Pengxiang Cheng

Multimodal medical image fusion plays a crucial role in medical diagnosis by integrating complementary information from different modalities to enhance image readability and clinical applicability. However, existing methods mainly follow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haozhe Xiang , Han Zhang , Yu Cheng , Xiongwen Quan , Wanwan Huang

Significant progress has been made on visual captioning, largely relying on pre-trained features and later fixed object detectors that serve as rich inputs to auto-regressive models. A key limitation of such methods, however, is that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Chia-Wen Kuo , Zsolt Kira

Foundational multimodal models pre-trained on large scale image-text pairs or video-text pairs or both have shown strong generalization abilities on downstream tasks. However unlike image-text models, pretraining video-text models is always…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Avinash Madasu , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Vasudev Lal

Image captioning bridges the gap between vision and language by automatically generating natural language descriptions for images. Traditional image captioning methods often overlook the preferences and characteristics of users.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Xuan Wang , Guanhong Wang , Wenhao Chai , Jiayu Zhou , Gaoang Wang

It has been a longstanding goal within image captioning to move beyond a dependence on object detection. We investigate using superpixels coupled with Vision Language Models (VLMs) to bridge the gap between detector-based captioning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Henry Senior , Luca Rossi , Gregory Slabaugh , Shanxin Yuan

Automatic music captioning, which generates natural language descriptions for given music tracks, holds significant potential for enhancing the understanding and organization of large volumes of musical data. Despite its importance,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-01 SeungHeon Doh , Keunwoo Choi , Jongpil Lee , Juhan Nam

Video-text retrieval has been stuck in the information mismatch caused by personalized and inadequate textual descriptions of videos. The substantial information gap between the two modalities hinders an effective cross-modal representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Baoyao Yang , Junxiang Chen , Wanyun Li , Wenbin Yao , Yang Zhou

Discovering materials with desirable properties in an efficient way remains a significant problem in materials science. Many studies have tackled this problem by using different sets of information available about the materials. Among them,…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-04 Onur Boyar , Indra Priyadarsini , Seiji Takeda , Lisa Hamada

Multimodal speech emotion recognition aims to detect speakers' emotions from audio and text. Prior works mainly focus on exploiting advanced networks to model and fuse different modality information to facilitate performance, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zhen Wu , Yizhe Lu , Xinyu Dai

Retrieving relevant images from a catalog based on a query image together with a modifying caption is a challenging multimodal task that can particularly benefit domains like apparel shopping, where fine details and subtle variations may be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Eric Dodds , Jack Culpepper , Gaurav Srivastava

A large-scale vision and language model that has been pretrained on massive data encodes visual and linguistic prior, which makes it easier to generate images and language that are more natural and realistic. Despite this, there is still a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hao Huang , Shuaihang Yuan , Yu Hao , Congcong Wen , Yi Fang