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Language-image pre-training largely relies on how precisely and thoroughly a text describes its paired image. In practice, however, the contents of an image can be so rich that well describing them requires lengthy captions (e.g., with 10…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Kecheng Zheng , Yifei Zhang , Wei Wu , Fan Lu , Shuailei Ma , Xin Jin , Wei Chen , Yujun Shen

While advanced image captioning systems are increasingly describing images coherently and exactly, recent progress in continual learning allows deep learning models to avoid catastrophic forgetting. However, the domain where image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Giang Nguyen , Tae Joon Jun , Trung Tran , Tolcha Yalew , Daeyoung Kim

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) on large-scale image-caption datasets learns representations that can achieve remarkable zero-shot generalization. However, such models require a massive amount of pre-training data. Improving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Siddharth Joshi , Arnav Jain , Ali Payani , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

This paper presents ScaleCap, an inference-time scalable image captioning strategy that generates comprehensive and detailed image captions. The key challenges of high-quality image captioning lie in the inherent biases of LVLMs: multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Long Xing , Qidong Huang , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Jinsong Li , Shuangrui Ding , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Jiaqi Wang , Feng Wu , Dahua Lin

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved rapid progress, yet their scaling behavior remains less clearly characterized and often less predictable than that of text-only LLMs. Increasing model size and task diversity often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Hongjian Zou , Yue Ge , Qi Ding , Yixuan Liao , Xiaoxin Chen

Image captioning evaluation remains a significant challenge, as vision-language models evolve toward more challenging capabilities such as generating long-form and context-rich descriptions. State-of-the-art evaluation metrics involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Gonçalo Gomes , Bruno Martins , Chrysoula Zerva

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often omit or misrepresent critical visual content in generated image captions. Minimizing such information loss will force LVLMs to focus on image details to generate precise descriptions. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haonan Jia , Shichao Dong , Xin Dong , Zenghui Sun , Jin Wang , Jinsong Lan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng , Kaifu Zhang

Image captioning has long been regarded as a fundamental task in visual understanding. Recently, however, few large vision-language model (LVLM) research discusses model's image captioning performance because of the outdated short-caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Hongyuan Dong , Jiawen Li , Bohong Wu , Jiacong Wang , Yuan Zhang , Haoyuan Guo

Visual captioning benchmarks have become outdated with the emergence of modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs), as the brief ground-truth sentences and traditional metrics fail to assess detailed captions effectively. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zhihang Liu , Chen-Wei Xie , Bin Wen , Feiwu Yu , Jixuan Chen , Pandeng Li , Boqiang Zhang , Nianzu Yang , Yinglu Li , Zuan Gao , Yun Zheng , Hongtao Xie

While multimodal large language models excel at tasks that integrate visual perception with symbolic reasoning, their performance is often undermined by a critical vulnerability: perception-induced errors that propagate through the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Songjun Tu , Qichao Zhang , Jingbo Sun , Yuqian Fu , Linjing Li , Xiangyuan Lan , Dongmei Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Dongbin Zhao

In contrast to children, language models (LMs) exhibit considerably inferior data efficiency when acquiring language. In this submission to the BabyLM Challenge (Warstadt et al., 2023), we test the hypothesis that this data efficiency gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Theodor Amariucai , Alex Warstadt

This paper addresses the task of generating fluent descriptions by training on a non-uniform combination of data sources, containing both human-annotated and web-collected captions. Large-scale datasets with noisy image-text pairs, indeed,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Giuseppe Fiameni , Rita Cucchiara

Information fusion is used widely to improve document classification by the integration of multiple data sources (multimodal) or representations (multiview). However, the field lacks a unified framework, a quantitative synthesis of its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Marcin Michał Mirończuk

The abilities of large language models (LLMs) have recently progressed to unprecedented levels, paving the way to novel applications in a wide variety of areas. In computer vision, LLMs can be used to prime vision-language tasks such image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Théophane Vallaeys , Mustafa Shukor , Matthieu Cord , Jakob Verbeek

Remote Sensing Image Change Captioning (RSICC) aims to generate natural language descriptions of surface changes between multi-temporal remote sensing images, detailing the categories, locations, and dynamics of changed objects (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zhiming Wang , Mingze Wang , Sheng Xu , Yanjing Li , Baochang Zhang

Recent works in image captioning have shown very promising raw performance. However, we realize that most of these encoder-decoder style networks with attention do not scale naturally to large vocabulary size, making them difficult to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Jia Huei Tan , Chee Seng Chan , Joon Huang Chuah

We hypothesize that end-to-end neural image captioning systems work seemingly well because they exploit and learn `distributional similarity' in a multimodal feature space by mapping a test image to similar training images in this space and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Pranava Madhyastha , Josiah Wang , Lucia Specia

Large unimodal foundation models for vision and language encode rich semantic structures, yet aligning them typically requires computationally intensive multimodal fine-tuning. Such approaches depend on large-scale parameter updates, are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Abhishek Dalvi , Vasant Honavar

We present Chameleon, a family of early-fusion token-based mixed-modal models capable of understanding and generating images and text in any arbitrary sequence. We outline a stable training approach from inception, an alignment recipe, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Chameleon Team

A major challenge in text-video and text-audio retrieval is the lack of large-scale training data. This is unlike image-captioning, where datasets are in the order of millions of samples. To close this gap we propose a new video mining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Arsha Nagrani , Paul Hongsuck Seo , Bryan Seybold , Anja Hauth , Santiago Manen , Chen Sun , Cordelia Schmid