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We develop team semantics for Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) to express hyperproperties, which have recently been identified as a key concept in the verification of information flow properties. Conceptually, we consider an asynchronous and a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Andreas Krebs , Arne Meier , Jonni Virtema , Martin Zimmermann

Autonomous agents rely on automated planning algorithms to achieve their objectives. Simulation-based planning offers a significant advantage over declarative models in modelling complex environments. However, relying solely on a planner…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mustafa F. Abdelwahed , Alice Toniolo , Joan Espasa , Ian P. Gent

Agentic systems enable the intelligent use of research tooling, augmenting a researcher's ability to investigate and propose novel solutions to existing problems. Within Additive Manufacturing (AM), alloy selection and evaluation remains a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Peter Pak , Achuth Chandrasekhar , Amir Barati Farimani

Multiagent reinforcement learning algorithms (MARL) have been demonstrated on complex tasks that require the coordination of a team of multiple agents to complete. Existing works have focused on sharing information between agents via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Samir Wadhwania , Dong-Ki Kim , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Jonathan P. How

Verification of large and complicated concurrent programs is an important issue in the software world. Stateless model checking is an appropriate method for systematically and automatically testing of large programs, which has proved its…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-03-14 Elaheh Ghassabani , Mohammad Abdollahi Azgomi

Hyperproperties are system properties that relate multiple execution traces and commonly occur when specifying information-flow and security policies. Logics like HyperLTL utilize explicit quantification over execution traces to express…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Raven Beutner , Bernd Finkbeiner

Metric Interval Temporal Logic (MITL) is a well studied real-time, temporal logic that has decidable satisfiability and model checking problems. The decision procedures for MITL rely on the automata theoretic approach, where logic formulas…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Nima Roohi , Mahesh Viswanathan

Rational verification is the problem of determining which temporal logic properties will hold in a multi-agent system, under the assumption that agents in the system act rationally, by choosing strategies that collectively form a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Julian Gutierrez , Lewis Hammond , Anthony W. Lin , Muhammad Najib , Michael Wooldridge

A key challenge in training Vision-Language Model (VLM) agents, compared to Language Model (LLM) agents, lies in the shift from textual states to complex visual observations. This transition introduces partial observability and demands…

The spread of autonomous systems into safety-critical areas has increased the demand for their formal verification, not only due to stronger certification requirements but also to public uncertainty over these new technologies. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Maryam Kamali , Sven Linker , Michael Fisher

Model checking verifies that a model of a system satisfies a given property, and otherwise produces a counter-example explaining the violation. The verified properties are formally expressed in temporal logics. Some temporal logics, such as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-02-22 Simon Busard , Charles Pecheur

In this paper we introduce Behavioral QLTL, which is a ``behavioral'' variant of linear-time temporal logic on infinite traces with second-order quantifiers. Behavioral QLTL is characterized by the fact that the functions that assign the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Giuseppe Perelli

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed to tackle complex tasks, often necessitating collaboration among multiple specialized agents. However, multi-agent collaboration introduces new challenges in planning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tianyang Xu , Dan Zhang , Kushan Mitra , Estevam Hruschka

We study instruction following in multi-task reinforcement learning, where an agent must zero-shot execute novel tasks not seen during training. In this setting, linear temporal logic (LTL) has recently been adopted as a powerful framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mathias Jackermeier , Mattia Giuri , Jacques Cloete , Alessandro Abate

Multi-agent hierarchical reinforcement learning (MAHRL) has been studied as an effective means to solve intelligent decision problems in complex and large-scale environments. However, most current MAHRL algorithms follow the traditional way…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Chanjuan Liu , Jinmiao Cong , Bingcai Chen , Yaochu Jin , Enqiang Zhu

We introduce a novel logic for the specification of context-free hyperproperties, which capture, e.g., the flow of information in security-critical recursive systems. Intuitively, the logic extends visibly pushdown automata by…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Sarah Winter , Martin Zimmermann

Building on the work by Fainekos and Pappas and the one by Donze and Maler, we introduce AvSTL, an extension of metric interval temporal logic by averaged temporal operators. Its expressivity in capturing both space and time robustness…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-05-28 Takumi Akazaki , Ichiro Hasuo

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly tackle complex reasoning tasks, test-time scaling has become critical for enhancing capabilities. However, in agentic scenarios with frequent tool calls, the traditional generation-length-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yichuan Ma , Linyang Li , Yongkang chen , Peiji Li , Xiaozhe Li , Qipeng Guo , Dahua Lin , Kai Chen

Computation Tree Logic (CTL) and its extensions CTL* and CTL+ are widely used in automated verification as a basis for common model checking tools. But while they can express many properties of interest like reachability, even simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Jens Oliver Gutsfeld , Markus Müller-Olm , Christian Dielitz

Recently, model-based agents have achieved better performance than model-free ones using the same computational budget and training time in single-agent environments. However, due to the complexity of multi-agent systems, it is tough to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Zhiwei Xu , Dapeng Li , Bin Zhang , Yuan Zhan , Yunpeng Bai , Guoliang Fan