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The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has increased the volume of machine-generated texts (MGTs) and blurred text authorship in various domains. However, most existing MGT benchmarks include single-author texts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Ekaterina Artemova , Jason Lucas , Saranya Venkatraman , Jooyoung Lee , Sergei Tilga , Adaku Uchendu , Vladislav Mikhailov

Automated theorem proving (ATP) has become an appealing domain for exploring the reasoning ability of the recent successful generative language models. However, current ATP benchmarks mainly focus on symbolic inference, but rarely involve…

Natural language processing technology has rapidly improved automated grammatical error correction tasks, and the community begins to explore document-level revision as one of the next challenges. To go beyond sentence-level automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Masato Mita , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Masato Hagiwara , Tomoya Mizumoto , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly enhanced generative AI capabilities across text, images, and audio. However, automatically evaluating the quality of these generated outputs presents ongoing challenges. Although numerous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Tian Lan , Yang-Hao Zhou , Zi-Ao Ma , Fanshu Sun , Rui-Qing Sun , Junyu Luo , Rong-Cheng Tu , Heyan Huang , Chen Xu , Zhijing Wu , Xian-Ling Mao

This article investigates the performance of automatic evaluation metrics (AEMs) and LLM-as-a-judge evaluation on literary translation across multiple languages, genres, and translation modalities. The aim is to assess how well these tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kyo Gerrits , Rik van Noord , Ana Guerberof Arenas

In this paper, we present an empirical study introducing a nuanced evaluation framework for text-to-image (T2I) generative models, applied to human image synthesis. Our framework categorizes evaluations into two distinct groups: first,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Muxi Chen , Yi Liu , Jian Yi , Changran Xu , Qiuxia Lai , Hongliang Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Qiang Xu

Researchers have recently designed a number of application-specific fault tolerance mechanisms that enable applications to either be naturally resilient to errors or include additional detection and correction steps that can bring the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Brett Boston , Zoe Gong , Michael Carbin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to creative domains, yet their performance in classical Chinese poetry generation and evaluation remains poorly understood. We propose a three-step evaluation framework that combines…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Bolei Ma , Yina Yao , Anna-Carolina Haensch

Human evaluations are typically considered the gold standard in natural language generation, but as models' fluency improves, how well can evaluators detect and judge machine-generated text? We run a study assessing non-experts' ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Elizabeth Clark , Tal August , Sofia Serrano , Nikita Haduong , Suchin Gururangan , Noah A. Smith

In recent years, automatic speech-to-speech and speech-to-text translation has gained momentum thanks to advances in artificial intelligence, especially in the domains of speech recognition and machine translation. The quality of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Claudio Fantinuoli , Bianca Prandi

Automated evaluation of open domain natural language generation (NLG) models remains a challenge and widely used metrics such as BLEU and Perplexity can be misleading in some cases. In our paper, we propose to evaluate natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Wangchunshu Zhou , Ke Xu

Existing technology can parse arbitrary context-free grammars, but only a single, static grammar per input. In order to support more powerful syntax-extension systems, we propose reflective grammars, which can modify their own syntax during…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2011-02-14 Paul Stansifer , Mitchell Wand

Reasoning over natural language is a long-standing goal for the research community. However, studies have shown that existing language models are inadequate in reasoning. To address the issue, we present POET, a novel reasoning pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Xinyu Pi , Qian Liu , Bei Chen , Morteza Ziyadi , Zeqi Lin , Qiang Fu , Yan Gao , Jian-Guang Lou , Weizhu Chen

While extensive research has focused on ChatGPT in recent years, very few studies have systematically quantified and compared linguistic features between human-written and artificial intelligence (AI)-generated language. This exploratory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Georgios P. Georgiou

Scalable and automatic formal verification for concurrent systems is always demanding. In this paper, we propose a verification framework to support automated compositional reasoning for concurrent programs with shared variables. Our…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Fuyuan Zhang , Yongwang Zhao , David Sanan , Yang Liu , Alwen Tiu , Shang-Wei Lin , Jun Sun

Music autotagging, an established problem in Music Information Retrieval, aims to alleviate the human cost required to manually annotate collections of recorded music with textual labels by automating the process. Many autotagging systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-10-02 Fabien Gouyon , Bob L. Sturm , Joao Lobato Oliveira , Nuno Hespanhol , Thibault Langlois

Poetry is an expressive form of art that invites multiple interpretations, as readers often bring their own emotions, experiences, and cultural backgrounds into their understanding of a poem. Recognizing this, we aim to generate images for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sofia Jamil , Kotla Sai Charan , Sriparna Saha , Koustava Goswami , K J Joseph

Most of the syntax-based metrics obtain the similarity by comparing the sub-structures extracted from the trees of hypothesis and reference. These sub-structures are defined by human and can't express all the information in the trees…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Hui Yu , Xiaofeng Wu , Wenbin Jiang , Qun Liu , ShouXun Lin

Human evaluation is critical for validating the performance of text-to-image generative models, as this highly cognitive process requires deep comprehension of text and images. However, our survey of 37 recent papers reveals that many works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Mayu Otani , Riku Togashi , Yu Sawai , Ryosuke Ishigami , Yuta Nakashima , Esa Rahtu , Janne Heikkilä , Shin'ichi Satoh

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, accurately and comprehensively evaluating their performance becomes increasingly challenging. Ranking the relative performance of LLMs based on Elo ratings, according to human judgment,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Minghao Wu , Alham Fikri Aji
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