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During an infection, HIV experiences strong selection by immune system T cells. Recent experimental work has shown that MHC escape mutations form an important pathway for HIV to avoid such selection. In this paper, we study a model of MHC…
Intestinal parasitic infection leads to several morbidities to humans worldwide, especially in tropical countries. The traditional diagnosis usually relies on manual analysis from microscopic images which is prone to human error due to…
Dynamic exploration for a predator-prey bio-system of two species with ratio-dependent functional response is carried out, where the capability to predate in both the stages of the predator, the juvenile and the matured, is taken into…
Recently, the RIDL-SIT technology has been field-tested for control of Aedes aegypti. The technique consists of releasing genetically modified mosquitoes carrying a "lethal gene". In 2016 the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the…
We examine birth--death processes with state dependent transition probabilities and at least one absorbing boundary. In evolution, this describes selection acting on two different types in a finite population where reproductive events occur…
The interplay between parasites and their hosts is found in all kinds of species and plays an important role in understanding the principles of evolution and coevolution. Usually, the different genotypes of hosts and parasites oscillate in…
Natural birth and death are fundamental mechanisms of population dynamics in ecosystems and have played pivotal roles in shaping population dynamics. Nevertheless, in studies of cyclic competition systems governed by the rock-paper-scissors…
In a wide variety of natural systems, closely-related microbial strains coexist stably, resulting in high levels of fine-scale biodiversity. However, the mechanisms that stabilize this coexistence are not fully understood. Spatial…
A deterministic multi-stage malaria model with a non-therapeutic control measure, the use of mosquito bednet is formulated and analyzed. The model basic reproduction number is derived, and analytical results show that the models equilibria…
We consider the problem of selecting deterministic or stochastic models for a biological, ecological, or environmental dynamical process. In most cases, one prefers either deterministic or stochastic models as candidate models based on…
Zoonotic disease transmission between animals and humans is a growing risk and the agricultural context acts as a likely point of transition, with individual heterogeneity acting as an important contributor. Thus, understanding the dynamics…
Animals typically forage in groups. Social foraging can help animals avoid predation and decrease their uncertainty about the richness of food resources. Despite this, theoretical mechanistic models of patch foraging have overwhelmingly…
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells are of paramount importance for biomedical research thanks to their innate ability for self-renewal and differentiation into all major cell lines. The fateful decision to exit or remain in the pluripotent…
We study a set of six-species ecological models where each species has two predators and two preys. On a square lattice the time evolution is governed by iterated invasions between the neighboring predator-prey pairs chosen at random and by…
Step-selection models are widely used to study animals' fine-scale habitat selection based on movement data. Resource preferences and movement patterns, however, can depend on the animal's unobserved behavioural states, such as resting or…
Multi-strain pathogens such as Group A Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus cause millions of infections each year with a substantial health burden. Control of multi-strain pathogens can be complicated by the…
Incidence of whooping cough, an infection caused by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis, has been on the rise since the 1980s in many countries. Immunological interactions, such as immune boosting and cross-immunity between…
Recent developments in automated tracking allow uninterrupted, high-resolution recording of animal trajectories, sometimes coupled with the identification of stereotyped changes of body pose or other behaviors of interest. Analysis and…
Malaria is a serious global health problem which is especially devastating to the developing world. Mosquitoes are the carriers of the parasite responsible for the disease, and hence malaria control programs focus on controlling mosquito…
The two-species population dynamics model is the simplest paradigm of interspecies interaction. Here, we include intraspecific competition to the Lotka-Volterra model and solve it analytically. Despite being simple and thoroughly studied,…