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Behavior study experiments are an important part of society modeling and understanding human interactions. In practice, many behavioral experiments encounter challenges related to internal and external validity, reproducibility, and social…

Large Language Models based on transformer algorithms have revolutionized Artificial Intelligence by enabling verbal interaction with machines akin to human conversation. These AI agents have surpassed the Turing Test, achieving confusion…

We administer a Turing Test to AI Chatbots. We examine how Chatbots behave in a suite of classic behavioral games that are designed to elicit characteristics such as trust, fairness, risk-aversion, cooperation, \textit{etc.}, as well as how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Qiaozhu Mei , Yutong Xie , Walter Yuan , Matthew O. Jackson

There has been considerable divergence of opinion on the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). While the initial optimism that reasoning might emerge automatically with scale has been tempered thanks to a slew of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Kaya Stechly , Karthik Valmeekam , Subbarao Kambhampati

With the release of ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) the discussion about the intelligence, possibilities, and risks, of current and future models have seen large attention. This discussion included much debated scenarios…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Nils Körber , Silvan Wehrli , Christopher Irrgang

This study investigates GPT-4's assessment of its performance in healthcare applications. A simple prompting technique was used to prompt the LLM with questions taken from the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Uttam Dhakal , Aniket Kumar Singh , Suman Devkota , Yogesh Sapkota , Bishal Lamichhane , Suprinsa Paudyal , Chandra Dhakal

This research revisits the classic Turing test and compares recent large language models such as ChatGPT for their abilities to reproduce human-level comprehension and compelling text generation. Two task challenges -- summarization, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 David Noever , Matt Ciolino

Recent claims suggest that large language models (LMs) underperform humans in comprehending minimally complex English statements (Dentella et al., 2024). Here, we revisit those findings and argue that human performance was overestimated,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Adele E Goldberg , Supantho Rakshit , Jennifer Hu , Kyle Mahowald

This paper studies recent developments in large language models' (LLM) abilities to pass assessments in introductory and intermediate Python programming courses at the postsecondary level. The emergence of ChatGPT resulted in heated debates…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jaromir Savelka , Arav Agarwal , Marshall An , Chris Bogart , Majd Sakr

With the rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) and large language models like ChatGPT, a new race for achieving artificial general intelligence (A.G.I) has started. While many speculate how and when A.I. will achieve A.G.I., there is no…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Georgios Mappouras

Introduction: Recently, the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) has increased rapidly, allowing them to be used in a great number of applications. However, the risks posed by the generation of false information through LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Jakub Pokrywka , Jeremi Kaczmarek , Edward Gorzelańczyk

The Turing Test is no longer adequate for distinguishing human and machine intelligence. With advanced artificial intelligence systems already passing the original Turing Test and contributing to serious ethical and environmental concerns,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Adam Winchell

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's GPT-4 and Meta's LLaMA offer a promising approach for scalable personality assessment from open-ended language. However, inferring personality traits remains challenging, and earlier work often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Jianfeng Zhu , Ruoming Jin , Karin G. Coifman

One critical aspect of building human-centered, trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) systems is maintaining calibrated trust: appropriate reliance on AI systems outperforms both overtrust (e.g., automation bias) and undertrust (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Siyu Yan , Lusha Zhu , Jian-Qiao Zhu

In the post-Turing era, evaluating large language models (LLMs) involves assessing generated text based on readers' reactions rather than merely its indistinguishability from human-produced content. This paper explores how LLM-generated…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Takehiro Takayanagi , Hiroya Takamura , Kiyoshi Izumi , Chung-Chi Chen

As AI becomes increasingly embedded in daily life, ascertaining whether an agent is human is critical. We systematically benchmark AI's ability to imitate humans in three language tasks (image captioning, word association, conversation) and…

The world has seen the emergence of machines based on pretrained models, transformers, also known as generative artificial intelligences for their ability to produce various types of content, including text, images, audio, and synthetic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Bernardo Gonçalves

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools based on large language models have acheived human-level performance on some computer programming tasks. We report several experiments using GPT-4 to generate computer code. These experiments demonstrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Russell A Poldrack , Thomas Lu , Gašper Beguš

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation across various domains, including medicine. We present a comprehensive evaluation of GPT-4, a state-of-the-art LLM, on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Harsha Nori , Nicholas King , Scott Mayer McKinney , Dean Carignan , Eric Horvitz

GPT-4 was released in March 2023 to wide acclaim, marking a very substantial improvement across the board over GPT-3.5 (OpenAI's previously best model, which had powered the initial release of ChatGPT). However, despite the genuinely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Konstantine Arkoudas