Related papers: Further Development of Event-Based Analysis of X-r…
This paper addresses maximum likelihood (ML) estimation based model fitting in the context of extrasolar planet detection. This problem is featured by the following properties: 1) the candidate models under consideration are highly…
We consider a distributionally robust Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (DR-POMDP), where the distribution of the transition-observation probabilities is unknown at the beginning of each decision period, but their realizations…
The negative binomial distribution has been widely used as a more flexible model than the Poisson distribution for count data. However, when the true data-generating process is Poisson, it is often challenging to distinguish it from a…
We present two backscattering polarimetric scanning setups based on point-illumination schemes, that are designed to probe the optical properties of subsurface media. We describe their advantages and limitations, characterize their…
A hypothesis testing scheme for entanglement has been formulated based on the Poisson distribution framework instead of the POVM framework. Three designs were proposed to test the entangled states in this framework. The designs were…
High precision polarization measurements open new opportunities for the study of the magnetic field structure as traced by polarimetric measurements of the interstellar dust emission. Polarization parameters suffer from bias in the presence…
The gravitational microlensing as a unique astrophysical tool can be used for studying the atmosphere of stars thousands of parsec far from us. This capability results from the bending of light rays in the gravitational field of a lens…
This white paper highlights compact object and fundamental physics science opportunities afforded by high-throughput broadband (0.1-60 keV) X-ray polarization observations. X-ray polarimetry gives new observables with geometric information…
The Potts model is frequently used to describe the behavior of image classes, since it allows to incorporate contextual information linking neighboring pixels in a simple way. Its isotropic version has only one real parameter beta, known as…
Gravitational waves admit a Stokes decomposition into intensity ($I$), circular polarization ($V$), and linear polarization ($Q$, $U$), analogous to Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarimetry. We implement a full-Stokes…
This paper addresses the task of estimating a covariance matrix under a patternless sparsity assumption. In contrast to existing approaches based on thresholding or shrinkage penalties, we propose a likelihood-based method that regularizes…
Data of the form of event times arise in various applications. A simple model for such data is a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) which is specified by a rate function that depends on time. We consider the problem of having access to…
We propose a nonparametric method for dynamic prediction in event history analysis with high-dimensional, time-dependent covariates. The approach estimates future conditional hazards by combining landmarking supermodels with gradient…
New-generation X-ray polarimeters currently under development promise to open a new window in the study of high-energy astrophysical sources. Among them, neutron stars appear particularly suited for polarization measurements. Radiation from…
Polarization induced by cosmological scalar perturbations leads to a typical anisotropy pattern, which can best be analyzed in Fourier domain. This allows one to unambiguously distinguish cosmological signal of polarization from other…
We show that the parameter space of axion-like particles can be severly constrained using high-precision measurements of quasar polarisations. Robust limits are derived from the measured bounds on optical circular polarisation and from the…
We propose a new scientific application of unsupervised learning techniques to boost our ability to search for new phenomena in data, by detecting discrepancies between two datasets. These could be, for example, a simulated standard-model…
The new generation of CMB polarization experiments will reach limits of sensitivity never achieved before to detect the primordial B-mode signal. However, all these efforts will be futile if we lack a tight control of systematics. Here, we…
An unsupervised classification method for point events occurring on a network of lines is proposed. The idea relies on the distributional flexibility and practicality of random partition models to discover the clustering structure featuring…
The radiological characterization of contaminated elements (walls, grounds, objects) from nuclear facilities often suffers from a too small number of measurements. In order to determine risk prediction bounds on the level of contamination,…