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Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), complex Software Engineering (SE) tasks require more collaborative and specialized approaches. This concept paper systematically reviews the emerging paradigm of LLM-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yongjian Tang , Thomas Runkler

Large-scale task planning is a major challenge. Recent work exploits large language models (LLMs) directly as a policy and shows surprisingly interesting results. This paper shows that LLMs provide a commonsense model of the world in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zirui Zhao , Wee Sun Lee , David Hsu

Multi-agent LLM systems are increasingly deployed as autonomous collaborators, where agents interact freely rather than execute fixed, pre-specified workflows. In such settings, effective coordination cannot be fully designed in advance and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aneesh Pappu , Batu El , Hancheng Cao , Carmelo di Nolfo , Yanchao Sun , Meng Cao , James Zou

Consider a multi-agent systems setup in which a principal (a supervisor agent) assigns subtasks to specialized agents and aggregates their responses into a single system-level output. A core property of such systems is information…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Paulius Rauba , Simonas Cepenas , Mihaela van der Schaar

As customer demand for multi-variety and small-batch production increases, dynamic disturbances place greater demands on manufacturing systems. To address such challenges, researchers proposed the multi-agent manufacturing system. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zhen Zhao , Dunbing Tang , Changchun Liu , Liping Wang , Zequn Zhang , Haihua Zhu , Kai Chen , Qingwei Nie , Yuchen Ji

In various work contexts, such as meeting scheduling, collaborating, and project planning, collective decision-making is essential but often challenging due to diverse individual preferences, varying work focuses, and power dynamics among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Marios Papachristou , Longqi Yang , Chin-Chia Hsu

Large-language models (LLMs) hold significant promise in improving human-robot interaction, offering advanced conversational skills and versatility in managing diverse, open-ended user requests in various tasks and domains. Despite the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Callie Y. Kim , Christine P. Lee , Bilge Mutlu

Research interest in autonomous agents is on the rise as an emerging topic. The notable achievements of Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the considerable potential to attain human-like intelligence in autonomous agents.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Hung Du , Srikanth Thudumu , Rajesh Vasa , Kon Mouzakis

While Large Language Model (LLM) based agents excel at complex tasks, their performance in open-ended scenarios is often constrained by isolated operation and reliance on static databases, missing the dynamic knowledge exchange of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Hang Gao , Yongfeng Zhang

Large language model (LLM) based agents have recently attracted much attention from the research and industry communities. Compared with original LLMs, LLM-based agents are featured in their self-evolving capability, which is the basis for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Zeyu Zhang , Xiaohe Bo , Chen Ma , Rui Li , Xu Chen , Quanyu Dai , Jieming Zhu , Zhenhua Dong , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

The recent advance in Large Language Models (LLMs) has shaped a new paradigm of AI agents, i.e., LLM-based agents. Compared to standalone LLMs, LLM-based agents substantially extend the versatility and expertise of LLMs by enhancing LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Junwei Liu , Kaixin Wang , Yixuan Chen , Xin Peng , Zhenpeng Chen , Lingming Zhang , Yiling Lou

In this paper, we present a novel framework for enhancing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by leveraging the power of multi-agent systems. Our framework introduces a collaborative environment where multiple intelligent agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yashar Talebirad , Amirhossein Nadiri

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated remarkable promise for tackling complex tasks by breaking them down into subtasks that are iteratively planned, executed, observed, and refined. Despite their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enhao Zhang , Erkang Zhu , Gagan Bansal , Adam Fourney , Hussein Mozannar , Jack Gerrits

Adopting Large language models (LLMs) in organizations potentially revolutionizes our lives and work. However, they can generate off-topic, discriminating, or harmful content. This AI alignment problem often stems from misspecifications…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Sascha Kaltenpoth , Oliver Müller

We introduce a dynamic benchmarking system for conversational agents that evaluates their performance through a single, simulated, and lengthy user$\leftrightarrow$agent interaction. The interaction is a conversation between the user and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 David Castillo-Bolado , Joseph Davidson , Finlay Gray , Marek Rosa

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have emerged as a powerful paradigm for enabling autonomous agents to solve complex tasks. As these systems scale in complexity, cost becomes an important consideration for practical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Liming Yang , Junyu Luo , Xuanzhe Liu , Yiling Lou , Zhenpeng Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in understanding language and executing complex reasoning tasks. However, LLMs with long context windows have been notorious for their expensive training costs and high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jun Zhao , Can Zu , Hao Xu , Yi Lu , Wei He , Yiwen Ding , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Recent studies show that collaborating multiple large language model (LLM) powered agents is a promising way for task solving. However, current approaches are constrained by using a fixed number of agents and static communication…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Zijun Liu , Yanzhe Zhang , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Diyi Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated emergent common-sense reasoning and Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities, making them promising candidates for developing coordination agents. This study introduces the LLM-Coordination Benchmark,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Saaket Agashe , Yue Fan , Anthony Reyna , Xin Eric Wang
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