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Given that Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly permeates our lives, it is critical that we systematically align AI objectives with the goals and values of humans. The human-AI alignment problem stems from the impracticality of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-05 John Nay , James Daily

We propose the creation of a systematic effort to identify and replicate key findings in neuropsychology and allied fields related to understanding human values. Our aim is to ensure that research underpinning the value alignment problem of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Gopal P. Sarma , Nick J. Hay , Adam Safron

AI alignment considers how we can encode AI systems in a way that is compatible with human values. The normative side of this problem asks what moral values or principles, if any, we should encode in AI. To this end, we present a framework…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Betty Li Hou , Brian Patrick Green

This paper looks at philosophical questions that arise in the context of AI alignment. It defends three propositions. First, normative and technical aspects of the AI alignment problem are interrelated, creating space for productive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Iason Gabriel

How can we build AI systems that can learn any set of individual human values both quickly and safely, avoiding causing harm or violating societal standards for acceptable behavior during the learning process? We explore the effects of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Andrea Wynn , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas L. Griffiths

As humans interact with autonomous agents to perform increasingly complicated, potentially risky tasks, it is important to be able to efficiently evaluate an agent's performance and correctness. In this paper we formalize and theoretically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Daniel S. Brown , Jordan Schneider , Anca D. Dragan , Scott Niekum

Existing work on the alignment problem has focused mainly on (1) qualitative descriptions of the alignment problem; (2) attempting to align AI actions with human interests by focusing on value specification and learning; and/or (3) focusing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Aidan Kierans , Avijit Ghosh , Hananel Hazan , Shiri Dori-Hacohen

As AI systems become more advanced, ensuring their alignment with a diverse range of individuals and societal values becomes increasingly critical. But how can we capture fundamental human values and assess the degree to which AI systems…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hua Shen , Tiffany Knearem , Reshmi Ghosh , Yu-Ju Yang , Nicholas Clark , Tanushree Mitra , Yun Huang

Existing alignment research is dominated by concerns about safety and preventing harm: safeguards, controllability, and compliance. This paradigm of alignment parallels early psychology's focus on mental illness: necessary but incomplete.…

Social alignment in AI systems aims to ensure that these models behave according to established societal values. However, unlike humans, who derive consensus on value judgments through social interaction, current language models (LMs) are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ruibo Liu , Ruixin Yang , Chenyan Jia , Ge Zhang , Denny Zhou , Andrew M. Dai , Diyi Yang , Soroush Vosoughi

The value alignment problem for artificial intelligence (AI) is often framed as a purely technical or normative challenge, sometimes focused on hypothetical future systems. I argue that the problem is better understood as a structural…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Travis LaCroix

AI alignment is often framed as the task of ensuring that an AI system follows a set of stated principles or human preferences, but general principles rarely determine their own application in concrete cases. When principles conflict, when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Behrooz Razeghi

Agreement Technologies refer to open computer systems in which autonomous software agents interact with one another, typically on behalf of humans, in order to come to mutually acceptable agreements. With the advance of AI systems in recent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Andrés Holgado-Sánchez , Holger Billhardt , Alberto Fernández , Sascha Ossowski

As general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integrated with diverse human communities, cultural alignment has emerged as a crucial element in their deployment. Most existing approaches treat cultural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Michal Bravansky , Filip Trhlik , Fazl Barez

Recent advances in general-purpose AI underscore the urgent need to align AI systems with human goals and values. Yet, the lack of a clear, shared understanding of what constitutes "alignment" limits meaningful progress and…

The AI-alignment problem arises when there is a discrepancy between the goals that a human designer specifies to an AI learner and a potential catastrophic outcome that does not reflect what the human designer really wants. We argue that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Shaked Shammah , Amnon Shashua

A core challenge in the development of increasingly capable AI systems is to make them safe and reliable by ensuring their behaviour is consistent with human values. This challenge, known as the alignment problem, does not merely apply to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Raphaël Millière

Algorithmic (including AI/ML) decision-making artifacts are an established and growing part of our decision-making ecosystem. They are indispensable tools for managing the flood of information needed to make effective decisions in a complex…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Osonde A. Osoba , Benjamin Boudreaux , Douglas Yeung

Solving the AI alignment problem requires having clear, defensible values towards which AI systems can align. Currently, targets for alignment remain underspecified and do not seem to be built from a philosophically robust structure. We…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Betty Li Hou , Brian Patrick Green

When AI agents don't align their actions with human values they may cause serious harm. One way to solve the value alignment problem is by including a human operator who monitors all of the agent's actions. Despite the fact, that this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yitzhak Spielberg , Amos Azaria