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Related papers: Counterfactual fairness for small subgroups

200 papers

Fairness-aware machine learning has attracted a surge of attention in many domains, such as online advertising, personalized recommendation, and social media analysis in web applications. Fairness-aware machine learning aims to eliminate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Jing Ma , Ruocheng Guo , Aidong Zhang , Jundong Li

Accurate estimation of counterfactual outcomes in high-dimensional data is crucial for decision-making and understanding causal relationships and intervention outcomes in various domains, including healthcare, economics, and social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Jiageng Zhu , Hanchen Xie , Jiazhi Li , Wael Abd-Almageed

Recent attempts to achieve fairness in predictive models focus on the balance between fairness and accuracy. In sensitive applications such as healthcare or criminal justice, this trade-off is often undesirable as any increase in prediction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-12 Irene Chen , Fredrik D. Johansson , David Sontag

The challenge of balancing fairness and predictive accuracy in machine learning models, especially when sensitive attributes such as race, gender, or age are considered, has motivated substantial research in recent years. Counterfactual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Bowei Tian , Ziyao Wang , Shwai He , Wanghao Ye , Guoheng Sun , Yucong Dai , Yongkai Wu , Ang Li

The advent of powerful prediction algorithms led to increased automation of high-stake decisions regarding the allocation of scarce resources such as government spending and welfare support. This automation bears the risk of perpetuating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-07 Matthias Kuppler , Christoph Kern , Ruben L. Bach , Frauke Kreuter

Ensuring algorithmic fairness remains a significant challenge in machine learning, particularly as models are increasingly applied across diverse domains. While numerous fairness criteria exist, they often lack generalizability across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhecheng Sheng , Jiawei Zhang , Enmao Diao

With the universal adoption of machine learning in healthcare, the potential for the automation of societal biases to further exacerbate health disparities poses a significant risk. We explore algorithmic fairness from the perspective of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Md Rahat Shahriar Zawad , Peter Washington

Racial disparities in recidivism remain a persistent challenge within the criminal justice system, increasingly exacerbated by the adoption of algorithmic risk assessment tools. Past works have primarily focused on bias induced by these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jessy Xinyi Han , Kristjan Greenewald , Devavrat Shah

In domains such as criminal justice, medicine, and social welfare, decision makers increasingly have access to algorithmic Risk Assessment Instruments (RAIs). RAIs estimate the risk of an adverse outcome such as recidivism or child neglect,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-10 Alan Mishler , Edward H. Kennedy , Alexandra Chouldechova

As AI-based systems increasingly impact many areas of our lives, auditing these systems for fairness is an increasingly high-stakes problem. Traditional group fairness metrics can miss discrimination against individuals and are difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Krystal Maughan , Ivoline C. Ngong , Joseph P. Near

Machine learning tasks may admit multiple competing models that achieve similar performance yet produce conflicting outputs for individual samples -- a phenomenon known as predictive multiplicity. We demonstrate that fairness interventions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Carol Xuan Long , Hsiang Hsu , Wael Alghamdi , Flavio P. Calmon

Statistical agencies rely on sampling techniques to collect socio-demographic data crucial for policy-making and resource allocation. This paper shows that surveys of important societal relevance introduce sampling errors that unevenly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Joonhyuk Ko , Juba Ziani , Saswat Das , Matt Williams , Ferdinando Fioretto

Explicit and implicit bias clouds human judgement, leading to discriminatory treatment of minority groups. A fundamental goal of algorithmic fairness is to avoid the pitfalls in human judgement by learning policies that improve the overall…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Yuzi He , Keith Burghardt , Siyi Guo , Kristina Lerman

Algorithmic fairness in recommender systems requires close attention to the needs of a diverse set of stakeholders that may have competing interests. Previous work in this area has often been limited by fixed, single-objective definitions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Amanda Aird , Elena Štefancová , Cassidy All , Amy Voida , Martin Homola , Nicholas Mattei , Robin Burke

Algorithmic systems are known to impact marginalized groups severely, and more so, if all sources of bias are not considered. While work in algorithmic fairness to-date has primarily focused on addressing discrimination due to individually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Vishwali Mhasawade , Rumi Chunara

Societies often rely on human experts to take a wide variety of decisions affecting their members, from jail-or-release decisions taken by judges and stop-and-frisk decisions taken by police officers to accept-or-reject decisions taken by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-29 Isabel Valera , Adish Singla , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

Ensuring fairness in machine learning predictions is a critical challenge, especially when models are deployed in sensitive domains such as credit scoring, healthcare, and criminal justice. While many fairness interventions rely on data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Irina Arévalo , Marcos Oliva

Social biases based on gender, race, etc. have been shown to pollute machine learning (ML) pipeline predominantly via biased training datasets. Crowdsourcing, a popular cost-effective measure to gather labeled training datasets, is not…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Bhavya Ghai , Q. Vera Liao , Yunfeng Zhang , Klaus Mueller

Human lives are increasingly being affected by the outcomes of automated decision-making systems and it is essential for the latter to be, not only accurate, but also fair. The literature of algorithmic fairness has grown considerably over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ainhize Barrainkua , Paula Gordaliza , Jose A. Lozano , Novi Quadrianto

Data-driven predictive algorithms are widely used to automate and guide high-stake decision making such as bail and parole recommendation, medical resource distribution, and mortgage allocation. Nevertheless, harmful outcomes biased against…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Atoosa Kasirzadeh