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The meanings of words and phrases depend not only on where they are used (contexts) but also on who use them (writers). Pretrained language models (PLMs) are powerful tools for capturing context, but they are typically pretrained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Daisuke Oba , Naoki Yoshinaga , Masashi Toyoda

We present a comprehensive experimental study on pretrained feature extractors for visual out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, focusing on adapting contrastive language-image pretrained (CLIP) models. Without fine-tuning on the training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Nikolas Adaloglou , Felix Michels , Tim Kaiser , Markus Kollmann

Recent approaches have shown that large-scale vision-language models such as CLIP can improve semantic segmentation performance. These methods typically aim for pixel-level vision-language alignment, but often rely on low resolution image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Anurag Das , Xinting Hu , Li Jiang , Bernt Schiele

Vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP excel in zero-shot learning by aligning image and text representations through contrastive pretraining. Existing approaches to unsupervised adaptation (UA) for fine-grained classification with VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Eman Ali , Sathira Silva , Chetan Arora , Muhammad Haris Khan

Until recently, the general corpus of CLIP-type fundamental models has widely explored either the retrieval of short descriptions or the classification of objects in the scene as SINGLE-object image classification task. The same holds for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Advik Sinha , Saurabh Atreya , Aashutosh A , Sk Aziz Ali , Abhijit Das

Fine-tuning pre-trained vision-language models, like CLIP, has yielded success on diverse downstream tasks. However, several pain points persist for this paradigm: (i) directly tuning entire pre-trained models becomes both time-intensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Chenyu You , Yifei Min , Weicheng Dai , Jasjeet S. Sekhon , Lawrence Staib , James S. Duncan

CTR prediction is essential for modern recommender systems. Ranging from early factorization machines to deep learning based models in recent years, existing CTR methods focus on capturing useful feature interactions or mining important…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Wei Guo , Can Zhang , Zhicheng He , Jiarui Qin , Huifeng Guo , Bo Chen , Ruiming Tang , Xiuqiang He , Rui Zhang

Continual learning (CL) aims to help deep neural networks learn new knowledge while retaining what has been learned. Owing to their powerful generalizability, pre-trained vision-language models such as Contrastive Language-Image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Saurav Jha , Dong Gong , Lina Yao

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is widely used in academia and industry. Most CTR tasks fall into a feature embedding \& feature interaction paradigm, where the accuracy of CTR prediction is mainly improved by designing practical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Fangye Wang , Hansu Gu , Dongsheng Li , Tun Lu , Peng Zhang , Li Shang , Ning Gu

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a fundamental task in modern recommender systems. In recent years, the integration of large language models (LLMs) has been shown to effectively enhance the performance of traditional CTR methods.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yu Cui , Feng Liu , Jiawei Chen , Xingyu Lou , Changwang Zhang , Jun Wang , Yuegang Sun , Xiaohu Yang , Can Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong performance in automated source-to-target code translation through pretraining on extensive code corpora. However, mainstream LLM-based code translation methods suffer from two critical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-13 He Jiang , Yufu Wang , Hao Lin , Peiyu Zou , Zhide Zhou , Ang Jia , Xiaochen Li , Zhilei Ren

The full potential of large pretrained models remains largely untapped in control domains like robotics. This is mainly because of the scarcity of data and the computational challenges associated with training or fine-tuning these large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zuxin Liu , Jesse Zhang , Kavosh Asadi , Yao Liu , Ding Zhao , Shoham Sabach , Rasool Fakoor

Class-incremental Learning (CIL) enables the model to incrementally absorb knowledge from new classes and build a generic classifier across all previously encountered classes. When the model optimizes with new classes, the knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Juncen Guo , Xiaoguang Zhu , Liangyu Teng , Hao Yang , Jing Liu , Yang Liu , Liang Song

Recent advances in pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated their capabilities in capturing universal knowledge, making them promising for radar signal processing applications. Nevertheless, directly fine-tuning PLMs on radar…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-01 Qiying Hu , Yaowen Li , Shengyi Zhang , Chuan Huang , Yu Liu , You He

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on natural language understanding (NLU) tasks through fine-tuning. However, fine-tuned models still suffer from overconfident predictions, especially in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Guande He , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu

Fine-tuning pretrained language models (LMs) without making any architectural changes has become a norm for learning various language downstream tasks. However, for non-language downstream tasks, a common practice is to employ task-specific…

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, whose aim is to predict the probability of whether a user will click on an item, is an essential task for many online applications. Due to the nature of data sparsity and high dimensionality of CTR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Yichen Xu , Yanqiao Zhu , Feng Yu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is one of the most important and challenging in calculating advertisements and recommendation systems. To build a machine learning system with these data, it is important to properly model the interaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Dafang Zou , Leiming Zhang , Jiafa Mao , Weiguo Sheng

Sequential Recommendation (SR) learns user preferences from their historical interaction sequences and provides personalized suggestions. In real-world scenarios, most items exhibit sparse interactions, known as the tail-item problem. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zhifu Wei , Yizhou Dang , Guibing Guo , Chuang Zhao , Zhu Sun

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable performance gains across numerous downstream tasks in natural language understanding. Various Chinese PLMs have been successively proposed for learning better Chinese language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Borun Chen , Hongyin Tang , Jiahao Bu , Kai Zhang , Jingang Wang , Qifan Wang , Hai-Tao Zheng , Wei Wu , Liqian Yu