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Using effective generalization capabilities of vision language models (VLMs) in context-specific dynamic tasks for embodied artificial intelligence remains a significant challenge. Although supervised fine-tuned models can better align with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Kechen Jiao , Zhirui Fang , Jiahao Liu , Bei Li , Qifan Wang , Xinyu Liu , Junhao Ruan , Zhongjian Qiao , Yifan Zhu , Yaxin Xu , Jingang Wang , Xiu Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) can acquire extensive world knowledge through pre-training on large corpora. However, due to exposure to low-quality data, LLMs may exhibit harmful behavior without aligning with human values. The dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Tianhao Wu , Banghua Zhu , Ruoyu Zhang , Zhaojin Wen , Kannan Ramchandran , Jiantao Jiao

Large language models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate on abstractive summarization tasks such as document-based question-answering, meeting summarization, and clinical report generation, even though all necessary information is included in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Erik Jones , Hamid Palangi , Clarisse Simões , Varun Chandrasekaran , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Arindam Mitra , Ahmed Awadallah , Ece Kamar

Current approaches for strengthening LLM reasoning tend to introduce a training bias toward human-like reasoning trajectories. In step-wise preference optimization, in particular, dependence on human or higher-capacity model annotations for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Junjie Lu , Yuliang Liu , Chaofeng Qu , Wei Shen , Zhouhan Lin , Chuheng Zhang , Min Xu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a cornerstone for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) serving as the de facto standard algorithm. Despite its ubiquity, we argue that the core ratio…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Penghui Qi , Xiangxin Zhou , Zichen Liu , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Min Lin , Wee Sun Lee

Alignment is a standard procedure to fine-tune pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to follow natural language instructions and serve as helpful AI assistants. We have observed, however, that the conventional alignment process fails to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Sheng-Chieh Lin , Luyu Gao , Barlas Oguz , Wenhan Xiong , Jimmy Lin , Wen-tau Yih , Xilun Chen

This study explores the sycophantic tendencies of Large Language Models (LLMs), where these models tend to provide answers that match what users want to hear, even if they are not entirely correct. The motivation behind this exploration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Aswin RRV , Nemika Tyagi , Md Nayem Uddin , Neeraj Varshney , Chitta Baral

Pre-trained language models (LMs) store knowledge in their parameters and can generate informative responses when used in conversational systems. However, LMs suffer from the problem of "hallucination:" they may generate plausible-looking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Weiwei Sun , Zhengliang Shi , Shen Gao , Pengjie Ren , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

The questionable responses caused by knowledge hallucination may lead to LLMs' unstable ability in decision-making. However, it has never been investigated whether the LLMs' hallucination is possibly usable to generate negative reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Chaowei Zhang , Zongling Feng , Zewei Zhang , Jipeng Qiang , Guandong Xu , Yun Li

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) aim to elicit user preferences via natural dialogue to provide suitable item recommendations. However, current CRSs often deviate from realistic human interactions by rapidly recommending items in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Manato Tajiri , Michimasa Inaba

Recommendation systems leverage user interaction data to suggest relevant items while filtering out irrelevant (negative) ones. The rise of large language models (LLMs) has garnered increasing attention for their potential in recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Chenlu Ding , Daoxuan Liu , Jiancan Wu , Xingyu Hu , Junkang Wu , Haitao Wang , Yongkang Wang , Xingxing Wang , Xiang Wang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly propelled the development of Conversational Recommendation Agents (CRAs). However, these agents often generate short-sighted responses that fail to sustain user guidance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xueyang Feng , Jingsen Zhang , Jiakai Tang , Wei Li , Guohao Cai , Xu Chen , Quanyu Dai , Yue Zhu , Zhenhua Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular due to their ability to process and generate natural language. However, as they are trained on massive datasets of text, LLMs can inherit harmful biases and produce outputs that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qi Gou , Cam-Tu Nguyen

In the era of information overload, personalized news headline generation is crucial for engaging users by tailoring content to their preferences while accurately conveying news facts. Existing methods struggle with effectively capturing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Raymond Wilson , Cole Graham , Chase Carter , Zefeng Yang , Ruiqi Gu

Large language models (LLMs), despite their remarkable text generation capabilities, often hallucinate and generate text that is factually incorrect and not grounded in real-world knowledge. This poses serious risks in domains like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Raavi Gupta , Pranav Hari Panicker , Sumit Bhatia , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown propensity to generate hallucinated outputs, i.e., texts that are factually incorrect or unsupported. Existing methods for alleviating hallucinations typically require costly human annotations to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yu Xia , Xu Liu , Tong Yu , Sungchul Kim , Ryan A. Rossi , Anup Rao , Tung Mai , Shuai Li

Recently, Omni-modal large language models (OLLMs) have sparked a new wave of research, achieving impressive results in tasks such as audio-video understanding and real-time environment perception. However, hallucination issues still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Junzhe Chen , Tianshu Zhang , Shiyu Huang , Yuwei Niu , Chao Sun , Rongzhou Zhang , Guanyu Zhou , Lijie Wen , Xuming Hu

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants have become the de facto standards for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences or specific goals. However, DPO requires high-quality preference data and suffers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zhuotong Chen , Fang Liu , Jennifer Zhu , Wanyu Du , Yanjun Qi

Many applications of large language models (LLMs), ranging from chatbots to creative writing, require nuanced subjective judgments that can differ significantly across different groups. Existing alignment algorithms can be expensive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Siyan Zhao , John Dang , Aditya Grover

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) highlight their fluency in generating responses to diverse prompts. However, these models sometimes generate plausible yet incorrect ``hallucinated" facts, undermining trust. A frequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jung-Woo Shim , Yeong-Joon Ju , Ji-Hoon Park , Seong-Whan Lee