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Adversarial training is a cornerstone of robust deep learning, but fast methods like the Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) often suffer from Catastrophic Overfitting (CO), where models become robust to single-step attacks but fail against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Fares B. Mehouachi , Saif Eddin Jabari

Recently, Wong et al. showed that adversarial training with single-step FGSM leads to a characteristic failure mode named Catastrophic Overfitting (CO), in which a model becomes suddenly vulnerable to multi-step attacks. Experimentally they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Pau de Jorge , Adel Bibi , Riccardo Volpi , Amartya Sanyal , Philip H. S. Torr , Grégory Rogez , Puneet K. Dokania

Adversarial training (AT) has become an effective defense method against adversarial examples (AEs) and it is typically framed as a bi-level optimization problem. Among various AT methods, fast AT (FAT), which employs a single-step attack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Zhaoxin Wang , Handing Wang , Cong Tian , Yaochu Jin

Adversarial training (AT) with samples generated by Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM), also known as FGSM-AT, is a computationally simple method to train robust networks. However, during its training procedure, an unstable mode of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Zichao Li , Li Liu , Zeyu Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

Although fast adversarial training provides an efficient approach for building robust networks, it may suffer from a serious problem known as catastrophic overfitting (CO), where multi-step robust accuracy suddenly collapses to zero. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Zhengbao He , Tao Li , Sizhe Chen , Xiaolin Huang

High cost of training time caused by multi-step adversarial example generation is a major challenge in adversarial training. Previous methods try to reduce the computational burden of adversarial training using single-step adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Lehui Xie , Yaopeng Wang , Jia-Li Yin , Ximeng Liu

A recent line of work focused on making adversarial training computationally efficient for deep learning models. In particular, Wong et al. (2020) showed that $\ell_\infty$-adversarial training with fast gradient sign method (FGSM) can fail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Maksym Andriushchenko , Nicolas Flammarion

Adversarial training (AT) is the de facto method for building robust neural networks, but it can be computationally expensive. To mitigate this, fast single-step attacks can be used, but this may lead to catastrophic overfitting (CO). This…

PGD-based and FGSM-based are two popular adversarial training (AT) approaches for obtaining adversarially robust models. Compared with PGD-based AT, FGSM-based one is significantly faster but fails with catastrophic overfitting (CO). For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Axi Niu , Kang Zhang , Chaoning Zhang , Chenshuang Zhang , In So Kweon , Chang D. Yoo , Yanning Zhang

Adversarial training (AT) is a widely recognized defense mechanism to gain the robustness of deep neural networks against adversarial attacks. It is built on min-max optimization (MMO), where the minimizer (i.e., defender) seeks a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Yihua Zhang , Guanhua Zhang , Prashant Khanduri , Mingyi Hong , Shiyu Chang , Sijia Liu

Although fast adversarial training has demonstrated both robustness and efficiency, the problem of "catastrophic overfitting" has been observed. This is a phenomenon in which, during single-step adversarial training, the robust accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Hoki Kim , Woojin Lee , Jaewook Lee

Recently, FGSM adversarial training is found to be able to train a robust model which is comparable to the one trained by PGD but an order of magnitude faster. However, there is a failure mode called catastrophic overfitting (CO) that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Peilin Kang , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli

Single-step adversarial training (AT) has received wide attention as it proved to be both efficient and robust. However, a serious problem of catastrophic overfitting exists, i.e., the robust accuracy against projected gradient descent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Tao Li , Yingwen Wu , Sizhe Chen , Kun Fang , Xiaolin Huang

While adversarial training and its variants have shown to be the most effective algorithms to defend against adversarial attacks, their extremely slow training process makes it hard to scale to large datasets like ImageNet. The key idea of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Zhichao Huang , Yanbo Fan , Chen Liu , Weizhong Zhang , Yong Zhang , Mathieu Salzmann , Sabine Süsstrunk , Jue Wang

Vision Transformer (ViT), as a powerful alternative to Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), has received much attention. Recent work showed that ViTs are also vulnerable to adversarial examples like CNNs. To build robust ViTs, an intuitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Boxi Wu , Jindong Gu , Zhifeng Li , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He , Wei Liu

Fast Adversarial Training (FAT) has attracted significant attention due to its efficiency in enhancing neural network robustness against adversarial attacks. However, FAT is prone to catastrophic overfitting (CO), wherein models overfit to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Mengnan Zhao , Lihe Zhang , Tianhang Zheng , Bo Wang , Baocai Yin

Adversarial training is the most successful empirical method for increasing the robustness of neural networks against adversarial attacks. However, the most effective approaches, like training with Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Leo Schwinn , René Raab , Björn Eskofier

Adversarial Training (AT) with Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) is an effective approach for improving the robustness of the deep neural networks. However, PGD AT has been shown to suffer from two main limitations: i) high computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Ahmadreza Jeddi , Mohammad Javad Shafiee , Alexander Wong

Deep neural networks are easily fooled by small perturbations known as adversarial attacks. Adversarial Training (AT) is a technique that approximately solves a robust optimization problem to minimize the worst-case loss and is widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Theodoros Tsiligkaridis , Jay Roberts

Fast Adversarial Training (FAT) not only improves the model robustness but also reduces the training cost of standard adversarial training. However, fast adversarial training often suffers from Catastrophic Overfitting (CO), which results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xiaojun Jia , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaofeng Mao , Ranjie Duan , Jindong Gu , Rong Zhang , Hui Xue , Xiaochun Cao
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