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Large Language Models (LLMs) have become powerful, but hallucinations remain a vital obstacle to their trustworthy use. Previous works improved the capability of hallucination detection by measuring uncertainty. But they can not explain the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yiming Huang , Junyan Zhang , Zihao Wang , Biquan Bie , Yunzhong Qiu , Xuming Hu , Yi R. Fung , Xinlei He

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved remarkable success. However, LVLMs are still plagued by the hallucination problem, which limits the practicality in many scenarios. Hallucination refers to the information of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Junyang Wang , Yiyang Zhou , Guohai Xu , Pengcheng Shi , Chenlin Zhao , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Jihua Zhu , Jitao Sang , Haoyu Tang

Hallucinations pose a significant challenge to the reliability of large language models (LLMs) in critical domains. Recent benchmarks designed to assess LLM hallucinations within conventional NLP tasks, such as knowledge-intensive question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Zhiying Zhu , Yiming Yang , Zhiqing Sun

Uncertainty estimation is a necessary component when implementing AI in high-risk settings, such as autonomous cars, medicine, or insurances. Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen a surge in popularity in recent years, but they are subject…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Gabriel Y. Arteaga , Thomas B. Schön , Nicolas Pielawski

Although demonstrating superb performance on various NLP tasks, large language models (LLMs) still suffer from the hallucination problem, which threatens the reliability of LLMs. To measure the level of hallucination of LLMs, previous works…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Li Du , Yequan Wang , Xingrun Xing , Yiqun Ya , Xiang Li , Xin Jiang , Xuezhi Fang

Large Vision Language Models exhibit remarkable capabilities but struggle with hallucinations inconsistencies between images and their descriptions. Previous hallucination evaluation studies on LVLMs have identified hallucinations in terms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Chaoya Jiang , Hongrui Jia , Wei Ye , Mengfan Dong , Haiyang Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Shikun Zhang

Despite the outstanding performance of large language models (LLMs) across various NLP tasks, hallucinations in LLMs--where LLMs generate inaccurate responses--remains as a critical problem as it can be directly connected to a crisis of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Minsuh Joo , Hyunsoo Cho

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but they suffer from hallucination, generating plausible yet factually incorrect content. This issue extends to Video-Language Models (VideoLLMs), where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ahmad Khalil , Mahmoud Khalil , Alioune Ngom

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful linguistic engines but remain susceptible to hallucinations: plausible-sounding outputs that are factually incorrect or unsupported. In this work, we present a mathematically grounded framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Moses Kiprono

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in language comprehension and generation but are prone to hallucinations, producing factually incorrect or unsupported outputs. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems address this issue by grounding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Chandana Sree Mala , Gizem Gezici , Fosca Giannotti

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) pose a major barrier to their reliable use in critical decision-making. Although existing hallucination detection methods have improved accuracy, they still struggle with disentangling semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Junjie Hu , Gang Tu , ShengYu Cheng , Jinxin Li , Jinting Wang , Rui Chen , Zhilong Zhou , Dongbo Shan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in both research and real-world applications, but they still struggle with hallucination. Existing hallucination detection methods often perform poorly on sentence-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Weizhi Gao , Xiaorui Liu , Feiyi Wang , Dan Lu , Junqi Yin

LLM hallucination, i.e. generating factually incorrect yet seemingly convincing answers, is currently a major threat to the trustworthiness and reliability of LLMs. The first step towards solving this complicated problem is to measure it.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Jiaheng Wei , Yuanshun Yao , Jean-Francois Ton , Hongyi Guo , Andrew Estornell , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit \textit{hallucinations}, generating factually incorrect or semantically irrelevant content in response to prompts. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting can mitigate hallucinations by encouraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Jiahao Cheng , Tiancheng Su , Jia Yuan , Guoxiu He , Jiawei Liu , Xinqi Tao , Jingwen Xie , Huaxia Li

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance on complex multimodal tasks. However, they continue to suffer from significant hallucination issues, including object, attribute, and relational hallucinations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yudong Zhang , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Yiqing Huang , Jiansheng Chen , Zhanhui Kang , Di Wang , Yu Wang

Current large language models (LLMs) often suffer from hallucination issues, i,e, generating content that appears factual but is actually unreliable. A typical hallucination detection pipeline involves response decomposition (i.e., claim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Fan Xu , Huixuan Zhang , Zhenliang Zhang , Jiahao Wang , Xiaojun Wan

Empowered by large language models (LLMs), intelligent agents have become a popular paradigm for interacting with open environments to facilitate AI deployment. However, hallucinations generated by LLMs-where outputs are inconsistent with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Siyuan Liu , Wenjing Liu , Zhiwei Xu , Xin Wang , Bo Chen , Tao Li

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., statements unsupported by the input or training data, hindering reliable deployment. In parallel, numerous uncertainty estimation (UE) methods have been proposed to quantify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yedidia Agnimo , Anna Korba , Annabelle Blangero , Nicolas Chesneau , Karteek Alahari

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful computational models trained on extensive corpora of human-readable text, enabling them to perform general-purpose language understanding and generation. LLMs have garnered significant attention in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Liam Barkley , Brink van der Merwe

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks by encoding vast amounts of factual knowledge. However, they are still prone to hallucinations, generating incorrect or misleading information, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Xiaomin Li , Zhou Yu , Ziji Zhang , Yingying Zhuang , Swair Shah , Narayanan Sadagopan , Anurag Beniwal
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