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We formulate, analyze and solve the problem of best arm identification with fairness constraints on subpopulations (BAICS). Standard best arm identification problems aim at selecting an arm that has the largest expected reward where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Yuhang Wu , Zeyu Zheng , Tingyu Zhu

We study the best-arm identification (BAI) problem with a fixed budget and contextual (covariate) information. In each round of an adaptive experiment, after observing contextual information, we choose a treatment arm using past…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Masahiro Kato , Masaaki Imaizumi , Takuya Ishihara , Toru Kitagawa

We study the problem of identifying the best arm in a multi-armed bandit environment when each arm is a time-homogeneous and ergodic discrete-time Markov process on a common, finite state space. The state evolution on each arm is governed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-30 P. N. Karthik , Kota Srinivas Reddy , Vincent Y. F. Tan

The best arm identification problem (BEST-1-ARM) is the most basic pure exploration problem in stochastic multi-armed bandits. The problem has a long history and attracted significant attention for the last decade. However, we do not yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-30 Lijie Chen , Jian Li

The risks posed by AI features are increasing as they are rapidly integrated into software applications. In response, regulations and standards for safe and secure AI have been proposed. In this paper, we present an agentic framework that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Wilder Baldwin , Sepideh Ghanavati

We study the problem of best-arm identification with fixed confidence in stochastic linear bandits. The objective is to identify the best arm with a given level of certainty while minimizing the sampling budget. We devise a simple algorithm…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-30 Yassir Jedra , Alexandre Proutiere

We consider the best arm identification problem, where the goal is to identify the arm with the highest mean reward from a set of $K$ arms under a limited sampling budget. This problem models many practical scenarios such as A/B testing. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-05 Junpei Komiyama , Kyoungseok Jang , Junya Honda

We consider the fixed-budget best arm identification problem with rewards following normal distributions. In this problem, the forecaster is given $K$ arms (or treatments) and $T$ time steps. The forecaster attempts to find the arm with the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-16 Junpei Komiyama

We study best arm identification in a variant of the multi-armed bandit problem where the learner has limited precision in arm selection. The learner can only sample arms via certain exploration bundles, which we refer to as boxes. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Kota Srinivas Reddy , P. N. Karthik , Nikhil Karamchandani , Jayakrishnan Nair

We study the best arm identification (BAI) problem with potentially biased offline data in the fixed confidence setting, which commonly arises in real-world scenarios such as clinical trials. We prove an impossibility result for adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Le Yang , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Wang Chi Cheung

Generative paradigm, especially powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), has emerged as a new solution to the next point-of-interest (POI) recommendation. Pioneering studies usually adopt a two-stage pipeline, starting with a tokenizer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Ke Sun , Mayi Xu

We investigate top-$m$ arm identification, a basic problem in bandit theory, in a multi-agent learning model in which agents collaborate to learn an objective function. We are interested in designing collaborative learning algorithms that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Nikolai Karpov , Qin Zhang

The paper proposes a novel upper confidence bound (UCB) procedure for identifying the arm with the largest mean in a multi-armed bandit game in the fixed confidence setting using a small number of total samples. The procedure cannot be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-30 Kevin Jamieson , Matthew Malloy , Robert Nowak , Sébastien Bubeck

This work deals with parallel optimization of expensive objective functions which are modeled as sample realizations of Gaussian processes. The study is formalized as a Bayesian optimization problem, or continuous multi-armed bandit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-04 Sébastien Marmin , Clément Chevalier , David Ginsbourger

We consider a K-armed bandit problem in general graphs where agents are arbitrarily connected and each of them has limited memorizing capabilities and communication bandwidth. The goal is to let each of the agents eventually learn the best…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Feng Li , Xuyang Yuan , Lina Wang , Huan Yang , Dongxiao Yu , Weifeng Lv , Xiuzhen Cheng

Best Arm Identification (BAI) problems are progressively used for data-sensitive applications, such as designing adaptive clinical trials, tuning hyper-parameters, and conducting user studies to name a few. Motivated by the data privacy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-06 Achraf Azize , Marc Jourdan , Aymen Al Marjani , Debabrota Basu

Best Arm Identification (BAI) problems are progressively used for data-sensitive applications, such as designing adaptive clinical trials, tuning hyper-parameters, and conducting user studies. Motivated by the data privacy concerns invoked…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-09 Achraf Azize , Marc Jourdan , Aymen Al Marjani , Debabrota Basu

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) based on information retrieval aims to answer a question by retrieving answer from a large-scale knowledge graph. Most existing methods first roughly retrieve the knowledge subgraphs (KSG) that may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Hanning Gao , Lingfei Wu , Po Hu , Zhihua Wei , Fangli Xu , Bo Long

Knowledge graphs, as the cornerstone of many AI applications, usually face serious incompleteness problems. In recent years, there have been many efforts to study automatic knowledge graph completion (KGC), most of which use existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Xin Lv , Yankai Lin , Zijun Yao , Kaisheng Zeng , Jiajie Zhang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

We consider the problem of finding, through adaptive sampling, which of $n$ options (arms) has the largest mean. Our objective is to determine a rule which identifies the best arm with a fixed minimum confidence using as few observations as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 MohammadJavad Azizi , Sheldon M Ross , Zhengyu Zhang