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The 21 cm line provides a powerful probe of astrophysics and cosmology at high redshifts, but unlocking the potential of this probe requires the robust mitigation of foreground contaminants that are typically several orders of magnitude…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-25 Adrian Liu , Aaron R. Parsons , Cathryn M. Trott

Compressed Sensing (CS) significantly speeds up Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) processing and achieves accurate MRI reconstruction from under-sampled k-space data. According to the current research, there are still several problems with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-24 Junpeng Tan , Chunmei Qing , Xiangmin Xu

Flying on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) above Earth's turbulent atmosphere, the Aperture Masking Interferometer (AMI) on the NIRISS instrument is the highest-resolution infrared interferometer ever placed in space. However,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-17 Max Charles , Louis Desdoigts , Benjamin Pope , Peter Tuthill , Dori Blakely , Doug Johnstone , Shrishmoy Ray , K. E. Saavik Ford , Barry McKernan , Anand Sivaramakrishnan

In the imaging process of an astronomical telescope, the deconvolution of its beam or Point Spread Function (PSF) is a crucial task. However, deconvolution presents a classical and challenging inverse computation problem. In scenarios where…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-05 Shulei Ni , Yisheng Qiu , Yunchun Chen , Zihao Song , Hao Chen , Xuejian Jiang , Huaxi Chen

The physical and clinical constraints surrounding diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) often limit the spatial resolution of the produced images to voxels up to 8 times larger than those of T1w images. Thus, the detailed information contained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Benoit Anctil-Robitaille , Antoine Théberge , Pierre-Marc Jodoin , Maxime Descoteaux , Christian Desrosiers , Hervé Lombaert

We explore methods for robust estimation of the 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). A Kernel Density Estimator (KDE) is introduced for measuring the spatial temperature fluctuation power spectrum from the EoR. The KDE…

As a result of our limited data on reionization, the total optical depth for electron scattering, $\tau$, limits precision measurements of cosmological parameters from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It was recently shown that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Anastasia Fialkov , Abraham Loeb

The 21 cm brightness temperature during the Epoch of Reionisation is widely modelled using semi-numeric simulations, used for their computational speed and flexibility in testing astrophysical and cosmological parameters. However, it is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-17 Jennifer Feron , Emma Chapman

The statistical characterization of the diffuse magnetized ISM and Galactic foregrounds to the CMB poses a major challenge. To account for their non-Gaussian statistics, we need a data analysis approach capable of efficiently quantifying…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 Bruno Regaldo-Saint Blancard , François Levrier , Erwan Allys , Elena Bellomi , François Boulanger

We present detailed predictions for the redshifted 21cm signal from the epoch of reionization. These predictions are obtained from radiative transfer calculations on the results of large scale (100/h Mpc), high dynamic range, cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Garrelt Mellema , Ilian T. Iliev , Ue-Li Pen , Paul R. Shapiro

This paper presents modification of the TwIST algorithm for Compressive Sensing MRI images reconstruction. Compressive Sensing is new approach in signal processing whose basic idea is recovering signal form small set of available samples.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-26 Elma Hot , Petar Sekulić

Coherent surface scattering imaging (CSSI) is an emerging experimental technique uniquely suited to probing the structure of thin nanostructures. In these experiments, a specimen is placed on a substrate, and a series of X-ray diffraction…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Jeffrey J. Donatelli , Miaoqi Chu , Zixi Hu , Zhang Jiang , Nicholas Schwarz , Jin Wang , James A. Sethian

The redshifted 21-cm signal is a unique probe of the early universe, particularly the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). While the 21-cm power spectrum has been the primary statistic for parameter inference, it fails to capture the non-Gaussian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Anoop Krishna , Deepthi Moorkanat , Hiten , Rajesh Mondal

In this paper, we develop a method of performing the one-point statistics of a perturbed density field with a multiresolutional decomposition based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). We establish the algorithm of the one-point…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Hu Zhan , Li-Zhi Fang

We study statistics of the 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization. We propose to use [OIII] line emitting galaxies to cross-correlate with the 21-cm signal from $z = 7 - 10$. To this aim, we employ simulations of reionization obtained…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-11 K. Moriwaki , N. Yoshida , M. B. Eide , B. Ciardi

High-resolution JWST-MIRI images now allow us to resolve in great detail the multi-scale nature of the emission in nearby star-forming galaxies, from compact star-forming regions to large-scale diffuse emission, giving new insights into…

Although certain vision transformer (ViT) and CNN architectures generalize well on vision tasks, it is often impractical to use them on green, edge, or desktop computing due to their computational requirements for training and even testing.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Pranav Jeevan , Amit Sethi

The complex wave representation (CWR) converts unsigned 2D distance transforms into their corresponding wave functions. Here, the distance transform S(X) appears as the phase of the wave function \phi(X)---specifically,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-06 Karthik S. Gurumoorthy , Anand Rangarajan

We consider cosmic string cusp annihilations as a possible source of enhancement to the global background radiation temperature in $21$-cm photons at reionization. A soft photon spectrum is induced via the Bremsstrahlung and Synchrotron…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 Robert Brandenberger , Bryce Cyr , Timothée Schaeffer

Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) has been widely explored to enhance the performance of image superresolution (SR). Despite some DWT-based methods improving SR by capturing fine-grained frequency signals, most existing approaches neglect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Peng Du , Hui Li , Han Xu , Paul Barom Jeon , Dongwook Lee , Daehyun Ji , Ran Yang , Feng Zhu
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