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We consider two fundamental and related issues currently faced by Artificial Intelligence (AI) development: the lack of ethics and interpretability of AI decisions. Can interpretable AI decisions help to address ethics in AI? Using a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Jean-Marie John-Mathews

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has spurred extensive research into their encoded moral norms and decision-making processes. Much of this research relies on prompting LLMs with survey-style questions to assess how well…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Pratik S. Sachdeva , Tom van Nuenen

In the last five years, private companies, research institutions as well as public sector organisations have issued principles and guidelines for ethical AI, yet there is debate about both what constitutes "ethical AI" and which ethical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Anna Jobin , Marcello Ienca , Effy Vayena

In this position paper, we argue that instead of morally aligning LLMs to specific set of ethical principles, we should infuse generic ethical reasoning capabilities into them so that they can handle value pluralism at a global scale. When…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Abhinav Rao , Aditi Khandelwal , Kumar Tanmay , Utkarsh Agarwal , Monojit Choudhury

As the capabilities of generative language models continue to advance, the implications of biases ingrained within these models have garnered increasing attention from researchers, practitioners, and the broader public. This article…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Emilio Ferrara

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have renewed concerns about AI alignment - the consistency between human and AI goals and values. As various jurisdictions enact legislation on AI safety, the concept of alignment must be defined…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Claudia Biancotti , Carolina Camassa , Andrea Coletta , Oliver Giudice , Aldo Glielmo

The more AI agents are deployed in scenarios with possibly unexpected situations, the more they need to be flexible, adaptive, and creative in achieving the goal we have given them. Thus, a certain level of freedom to choose the best path…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Francesca Rossi , Nicholas Mattei

Ethics is one of the longest standing intellectual endeavors of humanity. In recent years, the fields of AI and NLP have attempted to wrangle with how learning systems that interact with humans should be constrained to behave ethically. One…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Zeerak Talat , Hagen Blix , Josef Valvoda , Maya Indira Ganesh , Ryan Cotterell , Adina Williams

The imposing evolution of artificial intelligence systems and, specifically, of Large Language Models (LLM) makes it necessary to carry out assessments of their level of risk and the impact they may have in the area of privacy, personal…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Nicola Fabiano

The pervasive use of AI applications is increasingly influencing our everyday decisions. However, the ethical challenges associated with AI transcend conventional ethics and single-discipline approaches. In this paper, we propose…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Lizhi Ma , Tong Zhao , Huachuan Qiu , Zhenzhong Lan

Ethics review is a foundational mechanism of modern research governance, yet contemporary systems face increasing strain as ethical risks arise as structural consequences of large-scale, interdisciplinary scientific practice. The demand for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yifan Ding , Yuhui Shi , Zhiyan Li , Zilong Wang , Yifeng Gao , Yajun Yang , Mengjie Yang , Yixiu Liang , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang , Guoyu Wang

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly gaining momentum in software modeling education, embraced by both students and educators. As GenAI assists with interpreting requirements, formalizing models, and translating students'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Shalini Chakraborty , Lola Burgueño , Nathalie Moreno , Javier Troya , Paula Muñoz

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly participate in high-stakes decision-making, a central societal debate has revolved around which moral frameworks-deontological or utilitarian-should guide machine behavior. However, a largely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Pengzhao Lyu , Yeun Joon Kim , Yingyue Luna Luan , Jungmin Choi

Scientific research organizations that are developing and deploying Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are at the intersection of technological progress and ethical considerations. The push for Responsible AI (RAI) in such institutions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Muneera Bano , Didar Zowghi , Pip Shea , Georgina Ibarra

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into software engineering (SE) tools for tasks that extend beyond code synthesis, including judgment under uncertainty and reasoning in ethically significant contexts. We present a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Patrizio Migliarini , Mashal Afzal Memon , Marco Autili , Paola Inverardi

Although artificial intelligence (AI) is solving real-world challenges and transforming industries, there are serious concerns about its ability to behave and make decisions in a responsible way. Many AI ethics principles and guidelines for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Jon Whittle , David Douglas , Conrad Sanderson

Ethics in AI has become a debated topic of public and expert discourse in recent years. But what do people who build AI - AI practitioners - have to say about their understanding of AI ethics and the challenges associated with incorporating…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Aastha Pant , Rashina Hoda , Simone V. Spiegler , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Burak Turhan

In recent years, we have witnessed a marked development and growth in Artificial Intelligence. The growth of the data volume generated by sensors and machines, combined with the information flow resulting from the user actions on the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Martim Veiga , Carlos J. Costa

This study provides an in_depth analysis of the ethical and trustworthiness challenges emerging alongside the rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and proposes a comprehensive framework for their…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Cheonsu Jeong , Seunghyun Lee , Seonhee Jeong , Sungsu Kim

With the rise and widespread use of Large Language Models (LLMs), ensuring their safety is crucial to prevent harm to humans and promote ethical behaviors. However, directly assessing value valence (i.e., support or oppose) by leveraging…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Yuxi Sun , Wei Gao , Jing Ma , Hongzhan Lin , Ziyang Luo , Wenxuan Zhang