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Black hole X-ray binaries (BHBs) can be studied with spectral fitting to provide physical constraints on accretion in extreme gravitational environments. Traditional methods of spectral fitting such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Fiona Redmen , Ethan Tregidga , James F. Steiner , Cecilia Garraffo

We perform the classification of black hole and neutron star X-ray binary systems using deep neural networks applied to archival RXTE X-ray spectral data. We first construct two neural network models: one trained using only spectral flux…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-27 Akash Garg , Aman Kumar , Ajit Kembhavi , Ranjeev Misra , Aniruddha Kembhavi , N. S. Philip , Rohan Pattnaik , Shreya Watwe

Black hole X-ray binary systems (BHBs) contain a close companion star accreting onto a stellar-mass black hole. A typical BHB undergoes transient outbursts during which it exhibits a sequence of long-lived spectral states, each of which is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-17 Benjamin J. Ricketts , James F. Steiner , Cecilia Garraffo , Ronald A. Remillard , Daniela Huppenkothen

Black Hole Low Mass X-ray Binaries (BH-LMXBs) are excellent observational laboratories for studying many open questions in accretion physics. However, determining the physical properties of BH-LMXBs necessitates knowing their distances.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-17 Youssef Abdulghani , Anne M Lohfink , Jaiverdhan Chauhan

X-ray Binaries (XRBs) consist of a compact object that accretes material from an orbiting secondary star. The most secure method we have for determining if the compact object is a black hole is to determine its mass: this is limited to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-20 Zoe L. de Beurs , N. Islam , G. Gopalan , S. D. Vrtilek

Black hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) show rich phenomenology in the spectral and timing properties. We collected the spectral data of 20 BHXBs from the literature across different spectral states. The spectral properties are studied in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Arghajit Jana

Low Mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are binary systems where one of the components is either a black hole or a neutron star and the other is a less massive star. It is challenging to unambiguously determine whether a LMXB hosts a black hole or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-06 R. Pattnaik , K. Sharma , K. Alabarta , D. Altamirano , M. Chakraborty , A. Kembhavi , M. Mendez , J. K. Orwat-Kapola

Direct electromagnetic observation of the orbital motion of a sub-parsec, supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) would provide the first conclusive proof of such systems existing. Widely considered to be the sources of gravitational waves,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 B. Hudson , L. I. Gurvits , E. Mooij , A. Ricarte , D. Palumbo

Parameter estimation of binary-black-hole merger events in gravitational-wave data relies on matched-filtering techniques, which, in turn, depend on accurate model waveforms. Here we characterize the systematic biases introduced in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-08 Tyson B. Littenberg , John G. Baker , Alessandra Buonanno , Bernard J. Kelly

In numerical evolutions of binary black holes (BBH) it is desirable to easily control the orbital eccentricity of the BBH, and the number of orbits completed by the binary through merger. This paper presents fitting formulae that allow to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-11 Abdul H. Mroué , Harald P. Pfeiffer

Motivated by advances in observational searches for sub-parsec supermassive black hole binaries (SBHBs) made in the past few years we develop a semi-analytic model to describe spectral emission line signatures of these systems. The goal of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-09-21 Khai Nguyen , Tamara Bogdanovic

Detecting the coalescences of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) is one of the primary targets for space-based gravitational wave observatories such as LISA, Taiji, and Tianqin. The fast and accurate parameter estimation of merging MBHBs…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-06 Bo Liang , Minghui Du , He Wang , Yuxiang Xu , Chang Liu , Xiaotong Wei , Peng Xu , Li-e Qiang , Ziren Luo

We present a method for comparing the H$\beta$ emission-line profiles of observed supermassive black hole (SBHB) candidates and models of sub-parsec SBHBs in circumbinary disks. Using the approach based on principal component analysis we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-20 Khai Nguyen , Tamara Bogdanovic , Jessie C. Runnoe , Michael Eracleous , Steinn Sigurdsson , Todd Boroson

Detecting binary black holes in interferometer data requires an accurate knowledge of the orbital phase evolution of the system. From the point of view of data analysis one also needs fast algorithms to compute the templates that will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Damour , B. R. Iyer , B. S. Sathyaprakash

In this proceedings, we review the importance and complexity of detecting and characterizing supermassive binary black holes using conventional techniques (spectroscopy, timing, imaging). We show how spectropolarimetric data can strengthen…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-01 Frédéric Marin , Julie Biedermann , Thibault Barnouin

Motivated by observational searches for sub-parsec supermassive black hole binaries (SBHBs) we develop a modular analytic model to determine the likelihood for detection of SBHBs by ongoing spectroscopic surveys. The model combines the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-18 Bryan J. Pflueger , Khai Nguyen , Tamara Bogdanovic , Michael Eracleous , Jessie C. Runnoe , Steinn Sigurdsson , Todd Boroson

The spin of a black hole (BH) encodes information about its formation and evolution history. Yet the understanding of the distribution of BH spins in X-ray binaries (XBs), of the models used to measure spin, and of their impact on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-04 Paul A. Draghis , Jon M. Miller , Laura Brenneman , Elisa Costantini , Luigi C. Gallo , Mark Reynolds , John A. Tomsick , Abderahmen Zoghbi

Gravitational waves provide a unique opportunity to test general relativity in the strong-field regime, enabling the extraction of key physical parameters from observational data. Traditional likelihood-based inference methods, while…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-24 Akash K Mishra

Binary codes can be used to speed up nearest neighbor search tasks in large scale data sets as they are efficient for both storage and retrieval. In this paper, we propose a robust auto-encoder model that preserves the geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-02 Xiping Fu , Brendan McCane , Steven Mills , Michael Albert , Lech Szymanski

The space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors will open a new mass and redshift regime, allowing us to observe massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) throughout the Universe. A subset of these systems is expected to produce electromagnetic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 Xue-Ting Zhang , Jonathan Gair , Chris Messenger , Natalia Korsakova , Yi-Ming Hu , Hong-Yu Chen
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