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Semantic search is an important task which objective is to find the relevant index from a database for query. It requires a retrieval model that can properly learn the semantics of sentences. Transformer-based models are widely used as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Mingxi Tan , Alexis Rolland , Andong Tian

Mixup is a widely adopted strategy for training deep networks, where additional samples are augmented by interpolating inputs and labels of training pairs. Mixup has shown to improve classification performance, network calibration, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Thomas Mensink , Pascal Mettes

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform new tasks by conditioning on prompts with relevant information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances ICL by incorporating retrieved documents into the LLM's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Marie Al Ghossein , Emile Contal , Alexandre Robicquet

In this paper, we show that high-performing embedding models organize their embedding spaces in a consistent way. We evaluate 25 contemporary embedding models on five MTEB tasks spanning four diverse task categories (retrieval, bitext…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Amanda Myntti , Jenna Kanerva , Veronika Laippala , Filip Ginter

In this paper, we address the problem of speaker verification in conditions unseen or unknown during development. A standard method for speaker verification consists of extracting speaker embeddings with a deep neural network and processing…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Luciana Ferrer , Mitchell McLaren , Niko Brummer

Voice conversion refers to transferring speaker identity with well-preserved content. Better disentanglement of speech representations leads to better voice conversion. Recent studies have found that phonetic information from input audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Yimin Deng , Huaizhen Tang , Xulong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao , Jianzong Wang

In speech deepfake detection, one of the critical aspects is developing detectors able to generalize on unseen data and distinguish fake signals across different datasets. Common approaches to this challenge involve incorporating diverse…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Davide Salvi , Viola Negroni , Luca Bondi , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

End-to-end acoustic-to-word speech recognition models have recently gained popularity because they are easy to train, scale well to large amounts of training data, and do not require a lexicon. In addition, word models may also be easier to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Shruti Palaskar , Vikas Raunak , Florian Metze

The "CNN-RNN" design pattern is increasingly widely applied in a variety of image annotation tasks including multi-label classification and captioning. Existing models use the weakly semantic CNN hidden layer or its transform as the image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Feng Liu , Tao Xiang , Timothy M. Hospedales , Wankou Yang , Changyin Sun

Large language models (LLMs) excel at a range of tasks through in-context learning (ICL), where only a few task examples guide their predictions. However, prior research highlights that LLMs often overlook input-label mapping information in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Yuanxin Ouyang , Meng Fang , Yancheng Yuan , Dacheng Tao

In this paper, we introduce the task of learning unsupervised dialogue embeddings. Trivial approaches such as combining pre-trained word or sentence embeddings and encoding through pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been shown to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Che Liu , Rui Wang , Junfeng Jiang , Yongbin Li , Fei Huang

This paper presents an approach to improve text embedding models through contrastive fine-tuning on small datasets augmented with expert scores. It focuses on enhancing semantic textual similarity tasks and addressing text retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Jun Lu , David Li , Bill Ding , Yu Kang

Deep neural networks have been shown to be very powerful methods for many supervised learning tasks. However, they can also easily overfit to training set biases, i.e., label noise and class imbalance. While both learning with noisy labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Tong Wei , Jiang-Xin Shi , Yu-Feng Li , Min-Ling Zhang

For end-to-end speech translation, regularizing the encoder with the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) objective using the source transcript or target translation as labels can greatly improve quality metrics. However, CTC demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Biao Zhang , Barry Haddow , Rico Sennrich

Recent years have witnessed increasing interests in prompt-based learning in which models can be trained on only a few annotated instances, making them suitable in low-resource settings. When using prompt-based learning for text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Hongjing Li , Hanqi Yan , Yanran Li , Li Qian , Yulan He , Lin Gui

The ability for policies to generalize to new environments is key to the broad application of RL agents. A promising approach to prevent an agent's policy from overfitting to a limited set of training environments is to apply regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Maximilian Igl , Kamil Ciosek , Yingzhen Li , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Cheng Zhang , Sam Devlin , Katja Hofmann

Disentanglement is the task of learning representations that identify and separate factors that explain the variation observed in data. Disentangled representations are useful to increase the generalizability, explainability, and fairness…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Michael Kuhlmann , Adrian Meise , Fritz Seebauer , Petra Wagner , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

This paper investigates context stickiness in in-context learning (ICL), a phenomenon where earlier examples in a prompt interfere with a transformer's ability to adapt to later tasks. Using synthetic regression tasks over linear and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hanna Rød , Dagny Streit , Nils Valseth Selte , Justin Li

Audio embeddings are crucial tools in understanding large catalogs of music. Typically embeddings are evaluated on the basis of the performance they provide in a wide range of downstream tasks, however few studies have investigated the…

One of the most important parts of an end-to-end speaker verification system is the speaker embedding generation. In our previous paper, we reported that shortcut connections-based multi-layer aggregation improves the representational power…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Soonshin Seo , Ji-Hwan Kim