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Machine learning-based automatic scoring faces challenges with unbalanced student responses across scoring categories. To address this, we introduce a novel text data augmentation framework leveraging GPT-4, a generative large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Luyang Fang , Gyeong-Geon Lee , Xiaoming Zhai

Human emotions are often not expressed directly, but regulated according to internal processes and social display rules. For affective computing systems, an understanding of how users regulate their emotions can be highly useful, for…

Speech Emotion Recognition models typically use single categorical labels, overlooking the inherent ambiguity of human emotions. Ambiguous Emotion Recognition addresses this by representing emotions as probability distributions, but…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Wenda Zhang , Hongyu Jin , Siyi Wang , Zhiqiang Wei , Ting Dang

Emotion plays a fundamental role in human interaction, and therefore systems capable of identifying emotions in speech are crucial in the context of human-computer interaction. Speech emotion recognition (SER) is a challenging problem,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Lucas Ueda , João Lima , Leonardo Marques , Paula Costa

As more than 70$\%$ of reviews in the existing opinion summary data set are positive, current opinion summarization approaches are reluctant to generate negative summaries given the input of negative texts. To address such sentiment bias, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yanyue Zhang , Pengfei Li , Yilong Lai , Deyu Zhou , Yulan He

Data augmentation is a technique to generate new training data based on existing data. We evaluate the simple and cost-effective method of concatenating the original data examples to build new training instances. Continued training with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Tsz Kin Lam , Shigehiko Schamoni , Stefan Riezler

Confidence estimation is crucial for reflecting the reliability of large language models (LLMs), particularly in the widely used closed-source models. Utilizing data augmentation for confidence estimation is viable, but discussions focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Rui Wang , Renyu Zhu , Minmin Lin , Runze Wu , Tangjie Lv , Changjie Fan , Haobo Wang

We present a novel retrofitting method to induce emotion aspects into pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as BERT and RoBERTa. Our method updates pre-trained network weights using contrastive learning so that the text fragments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sapan Shah , Sreedhar Reddy , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Pedestrian attribute recognition is an important multi-label classification problem. Although the convolutional neural networks are prominent in learning discriminative features from images, the data imbalance in multi-label setting for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Yang Hu , Xiaying Bai , Pan Zhou , Fanhua Shang , Shengmei Shen

Large language models are routinely deployed on text that varies widely in emotional tone, yet their reasoning behavior is typically evaluated without accounting for emotion as a source of representational variation. Prior work has largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Benjamin Reichman , Adar Avsian , Samuel Webster , Larry Heck

Emotion recognition through artificial intelligence and smart sensing of physical and physiological signals (Affective Computing) is achieving very interesting results in terms of accuracy, inference times, and user-independent models. In…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Laura Gutierrez-Martin , Celia Lopez Ongil , Jose M. Lanza-Gutierrez , Jose A. Miranda Calero

In this paper, we propose to utilise diffusion models for data augmentation in speech emotion recognition (SER). In particular, we present an effective approach to utilise improved denoising diffusion probabilistic models (IDDPM) to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Ibrahim Malik , Siddique Latif , Raja Jurdak , Björn Schuller

This paper focuses on sentiment mining and sentiment correlation analysis of web events. Although neural network models have contributed a lot to mining text information, little attention is paid to analysis of the inter-sentiment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Xinzhi Wang , Shengcheng Yuan , Hui Zhang , Yi Liu

Intimacy is an essential element of human relationships and language is a crucial means of conveying it. Textual intimacy analysis can reveal social norms in different contexts and serve as a benchmark for testing computational models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Manan Suri , Aaryak Garg , Divya Chaudhary , Ian Gorton , Bijendra Kumar

Emotion recognition and understanding is a vital component in human-machine interaction. Dimensional models of affect such as those using valence and arousal have advantages over traditional categorical ones due to the complexity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Vassilios Vonikakis , Dexter Neo , Stefan Winkler

Detection of some types of toxic language is hampered by extreme scarcity of labeled training data. Data augmentation - generating new synthetic data from a labeled seed dataset - can help. The efficacy of data augmentation on toxic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Mika Juuti , Tommi Gröndahl , Adrian Flanagan , N. Asokan

Textual data augmentation (DA) is a prolific field of study where novel techniques to create artificial data are regularly proposed, and that has demonstrated great efficiency on small data settings, at least for text classification tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Frédéric Piedboeuf , Philippe Langlais

Data augmentation is a powerful tool for improving deep learning-based image classifiers for plant stress identification and classification. However, selecting an effective set of augmentations from a large pool of candidates remains a key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Nasla Saleem , Aditya Balu , Talukder Zaki Jubery , Arti Singh , Asheesh K. Singh , Soumik Sarkar , Baskar Ganapathysubramanian

Background: Software Vulnerability (SV) assessment is increasingly adopted to address the ever-increasing volume and complexity of SVs. Data-driven approaches have been widely used to automate SV assessment tasks, particularly the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Triet H. M. Le , M. Ali Babar

Word embeddings are one of the most useful tools in any modern natural language processing expert's toolkit. They contain various types of information about each word which makes them the best way to represent the terms in any NLP task. But…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Armin Seyeditabari , Narges Tabari , Shafie Gholizade , Wlodek Zadrozny