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Nuclei segmentation is a fundamental but challenging task in the quantitative analysis of histopathology images. Although fully-supervised deep learning-based methods have made significant progress, a large number of labeled images are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-22 Xinyi Yu , Guanbin Li , Wei Lou , Siqi Liu , Xiang Wan , Yan Chen , Haofeng Li

Acquiring labeled datasets for 3D human mesh estimation is challenging due to depth ambiguities and the inherent difficulty of annotating 3D geometry from monocular images. Existing datasets are either real, with manually annotated 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Lorenza Prospero , Orest Kupyn , Ostap Viniavskyi , João F. Henriques , Christian Rupprecht

Medical professionals, especially those in training, often depend on visual reference materials to support an accurate diagnosis and develop pattern recognition skills. However, existing resources may lack the diversity and accessibility…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kanishk Choudhary

To synthesize high-fidelity samples, diffusion models typically require auxiliary data to guide the generation process. However, it is impractical to procure the painstaking patch-level annotation effort required in specialized domains like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Alexandros Graikos , Srikar Yellapragada , Minh-Quan Le , Saarthak Kapse , Prateek Prasanna , Joel Saltz , Dimitris Samaras

We propose a novel pipeline for the generation of synthetic ultrasound images via Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) guided by cardiac semantic label maps. We show that these synthetic images can serve as a viable substitute…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 David Stojanovski , Uxio Hermida , Pablo Lamata , Arian Beqiri , Alberto Gomez

In the medical domain, the lack of large training data sets and benchmarks is often a limiting factor for training deep neural networks. In contrast to expensive manual labeling, computer simulations can generate large and fully labeled…

Poor performance of quantitative analysis in histopathological Whole Slide Images (WSI) has been a significant obstacle in clinical practice. Annotating large-scale WSIs manually is a demanding and time-consuming task, unlikely to yield the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Sarah Cechnicka , James Ball , Hadrien Reynaud , Callum Arthurs , Candice Roufosse , Bernhard Kainz

Medical image segmentation faces fundamental challenges including restricted access, costly annotation, and data shortage to clinical datasets through Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS). These systemic barriers significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Youngung Han , Kyeonghun Kim , Seoyoung Ju , Yeonju Jean , Minkyung Cha , Seohyoung Park , Hyeonseok Jung , Nam-Joon Kim , Woo Kyoung Jeong , Ken Ying-Kai Liao , Hyuk-Jae Lee

We introduce Mediffusion -- a new method for semi-supervised learning with explainable classification based on a joint diffusion model. The medical imaging domain faces unique challenges due to scarce data labelling -- insufficient for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Joanna Kaleta , Paweł Skierś , Jan Dubiński , Przemysław Korzeniowski , Kamil Deja

Recent work has shown improved lesion detectability and flexibility to reconstruction hyperparameters (e.g. scanner geometry or dose level) when PET images are reconstructed by leveraging pre-trained diffusion models. Such methods train a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 George Webber , Alexander Hammers , Andrew P. King , Andrew J. Reader

Purpose: To explore best-practice approaches for generating synthetic chest X-ray images and augmenting medical imaging datasets to optimize the performance of deep learning models in downstream tasks like classification and segmentation.…

Deep learning has shown excellent performance in analysing medical images. However, datasets are difficult to obtain due privacy issues, standardization problems, and lack of annotations. We address these problems by producing realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Enric Moreu , Eric Arazo , Kevin McGuinness , Noel E. O'Connor

Pathologic diagnosis is a critical phase in deciding the optimal treatment procedure for dealing with colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonic polyps, precursors to CRC, can pathologically be classified into two major types: adenomatous and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 Vanshali Sharma , Debesh Jha , M. K. Bhuyan , Pradip K. Das , Ulas Bagci

We show that diffusion models can achieve image sample quality superior to the current state-of-the-art generative models. We achieve this on unconditional image synthesis by finding a better architecture through a series of ablations. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Prafulla Dhariwal , Alex Nichol

Diffusion models were initially developed for text-to-image generation and are now being utilized to generate high quality synthetic images. Preceded by GANs, diffusion models have shown impressive results using various evaluation metrics.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Muhammad Usman Akbar , Wuhao Wang , Anders Eklund

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern, and early detection through screening plays a critical role in reducing mortality. While deep learning models have shown promise in improving polyp detection, classification,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jia Yu , Yan Zhu , Peiyao Fu , Tianyi Chen , Junbo Huang , Quanlin Li , Pinghong Zhou , Zhihua Wang , Fei Wu , Shuo Wang , Xian Yang

Deep learning-based image generation has seen significant advancements with diffusion models, notably improving the quality of generated images. Despite these developments, generating images with unseen characteristics beneficial for…

Integrating deep learning with clinical expertise holds great potential for addressing healthcare challenges and empowering medical professionals with improved diagnostic tools. However, the need for annotated medical images is often an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Romain Hardy , Joe Klepich , Ryan Mitchell , Steve Hall , Jericho Villareal , Cornelia Ilin

Generative models capable of capturing nuanced clinical features in medical images hold great promise for facilitating clinical data sharing, enhancing rare disease datasets, and efficiently synthesizing annotated medical images at scale.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Shenghuan Sun , Gregory M. Goldgof , Atul Butte , Ahmed M. Alaa

Visual microscopic study of diseased tissue by pathologists has been the cornerstone for cancer diagnosis and prognostication for more than a century. Recently, deep learning methods have made significant advances in the analysis and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-30 Puria Azadi Moghadam , Sanne Van Dalen , Karina C. Martin , Jochen Lennerz , Stephen Yip , Hossein Farahani , Ali Bashashati