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Software cost estimation is one of the prerequisite managerial activities carried out at the software development initiation stages and also repeated throughout the whole software life-cycle so that amendments to the total cost are made. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Efi Papatheocharous , Harris Papadopoulos , Andreas S. Andreou

Within machine learning, the supervised learning field aims at modeling the input-output relationship of a system, from past observations of its behavior. Decision trees characterize the input-output relationship through a series of nested…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-20 Arnaud Joly

In the instruction fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), it is widely recognized that a few high-quality instructions are superior to a large number of low-quality instructions. At present, many instruction selection methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Qingsong Lv , Yangning Li , Zihua Lan , Zishan Xu , Jiwei Tang , Tingwei Lu , Yinghui Li , Wenhao Jiang , Hong-Gee Kim , Hai-Tao Zheng , Philip S. Yu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems typically rely on a single fixed retriever, despite growing evidence that no single retriever performs optimally across all query types. In this paper, we explore a query routing approach that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 To Eun Kim , Fernando Diaz

In this study, we propose a robust mixture regression procedure based on the skew t distribution to model heavy-tailed and/or skewed errors in a mixture regression setting. Using the scale mixture representation of the skew t distribution,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-12 Fatma Zehra Doğru , Olcay Arslan

Differential evolution possesses a multitude of various strategies for generating new trial solutions. Unfortunately, the best strategy is not known in advance. Moreover, this strategy usually depends on the problem to be solved. This paper…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-07-04 Iztok Fister , Iztok Fister , Janez Brest

It is already reported in the literature that the performance of a machine learning algorithm is greatly impacted by performing proper Hyper-Parameter optimization. One of the ways to perform Hyper-Parameter optimization is by manual search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Sayan Putatunda , Kiran Rama

A promising way to improve the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning is model-based methods, in which many explorations and evaluations can happen in the learned models to save real-world samples. However, when the learned model has a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Haoxin Lin , Yihao Sun , Jiaji Zhang , Yang Yu

This paper proposes a novel reinforcement learning (RL) framework for credit underwriting that tackles ungeneralizable contextual challenges. We adapt RL principles for credit scoring, incorporating action space renewal and multi-choice…

As an adaptive, interpretable, robust, and accurate meta-algorithm for arbitrary differentiable loss functions, gradient tree boosting is one of the most popular machine learning techniques, though the computational expensiveness severely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Daniel Chao Zhou , Zhongming Jin , Tong Zhang

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a powerful class of generative models, but their training requires computing a gradient that, unlike supervised backpropagation on typical loss functions, is notoriously difficult even to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Haik Manukian , Yan Ru Pei , Sean R. B. Bearden , Massimiliano Di Ventra

Kernel ridge regression, KRR, is a generalization of linear ridge regression that is non-linear in the data, but linear in the model parameters. Here, we introduce an equivalent formulation of the objective function of KRR, which opens up…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-10 Oskar Allerbo

The computational cost of training multimodal large language models (MLLMs) grows rapidly with the number of processed tokens. Existing efficiency methods mainly target inference via token reduction or merging, offering limited benefits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chaoyu Li , Yogesh Kulkarni , Pooyan Fazli

The high emission and low energy efficiency caused by internal combustion engines (ICE) have become unacceptable under environmental regulations and the energy crisis. As a promising alternative solution, multi-power source electric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Jincheng Hu , Yang Lin , Liang Chu , Zhuoran Hou , Jihan Li , Jingjing Jiang , Yuanjian Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is gaining attention by more and more researchers in quantitative finance as the agent-environment interaction framework is aligned with decision making process in many business problems. Most of the current…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-05-31 Huifang Huang , Ting Gao , Yi Gui , Jin Guo , Peng Zhang

Multi-task learning (MTL) has shown effectiveness in exploiting shared information across tasks to improve generalization. MTL assumes tasks share similarities that can improve performance. In addition, boosting algorithms have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Seyedsaman Emami , Gonzalo Martínez-Muñoz , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

Reward models have been increasingly critical for improving the reasoning capability of LLMs. Existing research has shown that a well-trained reward model can substantially improve model performances at inference time via search. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Jiaxuan Gao , Shusheng Xu , Wenjie Ye , Weilin Liu , Chuyi He , Wei Fu , Zhiyu Mei , Guangju Wang , Yi Wu

Discovering efficient algorithms for solving complex problems has been an outstanding challenge in mathematics and computer science, requiring substantial human expertise over the years. Recent advancements in evolutionary search with large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Anja Surina , Amin Mansouri , Lars Quaedvlieg , Amal Seddas , Maryna Viazovska , Emmanuel Abbe , Caglar Gulcehre

Increasing resolution and coverage of astrophysical and climate data necessitates increasingly sophisticated models, often pushing the limits of computational feasibility. While emulation methods can reduce calculation costs, the neural…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-25 Tara P. A. Tahseen , Luís F. Simões , Kai Hou Yip , Nikolaos Nikolaou , João M. Mendonça , Ingo P. Waldmann

Statistical learning methods have been growing in popularity in recent years. Many of these procedures have parameters that must be tuned for models to perform well. Research has been extensive in neural networks, but not for many other…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-15 Jill F. Lundell