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Large Language Models (LLMs), with their flexible generation abilities, can be powerful data sources in domains with few or no available corpora. However, problems like hallucinations and biases limit such applications. In this case study,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Simone Balloccu , Ehud Reiter , Vivek Kumar , Diego Reforgiato Recupero , Daniele Riboni

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in reasoning, demonstrating their capability to generate human-like responses. This study analyzes the problem-solving capabilities of LLMs in the domain of thermodynamics. A…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Rebecca Loubet , Pascal Zittlau , Luisa Vollmer , Marco Hoffmann , Sophie Fellenz , Fabian Jirasek , Heike Leitte , Hans Hasse

Large Language Models (LLMs) create exciting possibilities for powerful language processing tools to accelerate research in materials science. While LLMs have great potential to accelerate materials understanding and discovery, they…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-26 Santiago Miret , N M Anoop Krishnan

Recent advances in AI, machine learning, and NLP have led to the development of a new generation of Large Language Models (LLMs) that are trained on massive amounts of data and often have trillions of parameters. Commercial applications…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Nishat Raihan , Dhiman Goswami , Sadiya Sayara Chowdhury Puspo , Christian Newman , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri

Mixed methods research integrates quantitative and qualitative data but faces challenges in aligning their distinct structures, particularly in examining measurement characteristics and individual response patterns. Advances in large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jihong Zhang , Xinya Liang , Anqi Deng , Nicole Bonge , Lin Tan , Ling Zhang , Nicole Zarrett

Human-LLM conversations are increasingly becoming more pervasive in peoples' professional and personal lives, yet many users still struggle to elicit helpful responses from LLM Chatbots. One of the reasons for this issue is users' lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Rupak Sarkar , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh , Nirupama Chandrasekaran , Nagu Rangan , Philip Resnik , Longqi Yang , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

In the rapidly evolving field of large language models (LLMs), data augmentation (DA) has emerged as a pivotal technique for enhancing model performance by diversifying training examples without the need for additional data collection. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Bosheng Ding , Chengwei Qin , Ruochen Zhao , Tianze Luo , Xinze Li , Guizhen Chen , Wenhan Xia , Junjie Hu , Anh Tuan Luu , Shafiq Joty

This comprehensive review explores the intersection of Large Language Models (LLMs) and cognitive science, examining similarities and differences between LLMs and human cognitive processes. We analyze methods for evaluating LLMs cognitive…

There is widespread optimism that frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM-augmented systems have the potential to rapidly accelerate scientific discovery across disciplines. Today, many benchmarks exist to measure LLM knowledge and…

Artificial intelligence's (AI) progress holds great promise in tackling pressing societal concerns such as health and climate. Large Language Models (LLM) and the derived chatbots, like ChatGPT, have highly improved the natural language…

Psychological consultation is essential for improving mental health and well-being, yet challenges such as the shortage of qualified professionals and scalability issues limit its accessibility. To address these challenges, we explore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Rafael Souza , Jia-Hao Lim , Alexander Davis

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in healthcare analysis but face several challenges like hallucinations, parroting, and bias manifestation. These challenges are exacerbated in complex, sensitive, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Vivek Kumar , Eirini Ntoutsi , Pushpraj Singh Rajawat , Giacomo Medda , Diego Reforgiato Recupero

Student commitment towards a learning recommendation is not separable from their understanding of the reasons it was recommended to them; and their ability to modify it based on that understanding. Among explainability approaches, chatbots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hasan Abu-Rasheed , Mohamad Hussam Abdulsalam , Christian Weber , Madjid Fathi

The development of highly fluent large language models (LLMs) has prompted increased interest in assessing their reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. We investigate whether several LLMs can solve a classic type of deductive reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Spencer M. Seals , Valerie L. Shalin

Exploring the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in puzzle solving unveils critical insights into their potential and challenges in AI, marking a significant step towards understanding their applicability in complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Panagiotis Giadikiaroglou , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Filandrianos , Giorgos Stamou

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in learning environments to support teaching-be it as learning companions or as tutors. With our contribution, we aim to discuss the implications of the anthropomorphization of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Kristina Schaaff , Marc-André Heidelmann

As large language models (LLMs) are embedded into mental health technologies, they are often framed either as tools assisting therapists or autonomous therapeutic systems. Such perspectives overlook their potential to mediate relational…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jiatao Quan , Ziyue Li , Tian Qi Zhu , Yuxuan Li , Baoying Wang , Wanda Pratt , Nan Gao

We are witnessing a bloom of AI-powered software driven by Large Language Models (LLMs). Although the applications of these LLMs are impressive and seemingly countless, their unreliability hinders adoption. In fact, the tendency of LLMs to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Vincenzo Scotti , Jan Keim , Tobias Hey , Andreas Metzger , Anne Koziolek , Raffaela Mirandola

Conventional processes for analyzing datasets and extracting meaningful information are often time-consuming and laborious. Previous work has identified manual, repetitive coding and data collection as major obstacles that hinder data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Manit Mishra , Abderrahman Braham , Charles Marsom , Bryan Chung , Gavin Griffin , Dakshesh Sidnerlikar , Chatanya Sarin , Arjun Rajaram

Large language models (LLMs) have become the secret ingredient driving numerous industrial applications, showcasing their remarkable versatility across a diverse spectrum of tasks. From natural language processing and sentiment analysis to…