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Data security, which is concerned with the prevention of unauthorized access to computers, databases, and websites, helps protect digital privacy and ensure data integrity. It is extremely difficult, however, to make security watertight,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Marten Lohstroh

The potential presented by Artificial Intelligence (AI) for healthcare has long been recognised by the technical community. More recently, this potential has been recognised by policymakers, resulting in considerable public and private…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Jessica Morley , Caroline Morton , Kassandra Karpathakis , Mariarosaria Taddeo , Luciano Floridi

As testified by new regulations like the European AI Act, worries about the human and societal impact of (autonomous) software technologies are becoming of public concern. Human, societal, and environmental values, alongside traditional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Marco Autili , Martina De Sanctis , Paola Inverardi , Patrizio Pelliccione

The external evaluation of AI systems is increasingly recognised as a crucial approach for understanding their potential risks. However, facilitating external evaluation in practice faces significant challenges in balancing evaluators' need…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ben Bucknall , Robert F. Trager , Michael A. Osborne

Rising concern for the societal implications of artificial intelligence systems has inspired a wave of academic and journalistic literature in which deployed systems are audited for harm by investigators from outside the organizations…

Since it is impossible to predict and identify all the vulnerabilities of a network beforehand, and penetration into a system by malicious intruders cannot always be prevented, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are essential entities to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-11-13 Jaydip Sen

In this paper are presented methods of impact analysis on informatics system security accidents, qualitative and quantitative methods, starting with risk and informational system security definitions. It is presented the relationship…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-03-08 Floarea Baicu , Maria Alexandra Baches

As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly powerful and pervasive, democratic societies face unprecedented challenges in governing these technologies while preserving core democratic values and institutions. This paper presents…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Subramanyam Sahoo , Aditi Chhawacharia

Data harvesting and profiling have become a de facto business model for many businesses in the digital economy. The surveillance of individual persons through their use of private sector platforms has a well-understood effect on personal…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Agnieszka Rychwalska , Geoffrey Goodell , Magdalena Roszczynska-Kurasinska

The modern enterprise is facing an unprecedented surge in digital identities, with machine identities now significantly outnumbering human identities. This paper examines the cybersecurity risks emerging from what we define as the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Kush Janani

The recent employment and eventual widespread acceptance of electronic test in examining students and various classes in Nigeria has created a significant impact in the trends of educational history in the country. In this paper, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-02-06 Olawale Adebayo , Shafii Muhammad Abdulhamid

Organizations investing in artificial intelligence face a fundamental challenge: traditional return on investment calculations fail to capture the dual nature of AI implementations, which simultaneously reduce certain operational risks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hernan Huwyler

AI is transforming the existing technology landscape at a rapid phase enabling data-informed decision making and autonomous decision making. Unlike any other technology, because of the decision-making ability of AI, ethics and governance…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Mahendra Samarawickrama

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani

Risk-based authentication (RBA) extends authentication mechanisms to make them more robust against account takeover attacks, such as those using stolen passwords. RBA is recommended by NIST and NCSC to strengthen password-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Stephan Wiefling , Jan Tolsdorf , Luigi Lo Iacono

The biometric system is an automatic identification and authentication system that uses unique biological traits, such as fingerprint, face, iris, voice, retina, etc. of an individual. Of all these systems, fingerprint biometric system is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Mahesh Joshi , Bodhisatwa Mazumdar , Somnath Dey

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used to augment and automate cyber operations, altering the scale, speed, and accessibility of malicious activity. These shifts raise urgent questions about when AI systems introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Krystal Jackson , Deepika Raman , Jessica Newman , Nada Madkour , Charlotte Yuan , Evan R. Murphy

Authentication plays a significant part in dealing with security in public and private sectors such as healthcare systems, banking system, transportation system and law and security. Biometric technology has grown quickly recently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Konark Modi , Lakshmipathi Devaraj

In the current global situation-burdened by, among others, a vast number of people without formal identification, digital leap, the need for health passports and contact tracking applications-providing private and secure digital identity…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Gabriella Laatikainen , Taija Kolehmainen , Mengcheng Li , Markus Hautala , Antti Kettunen , Pekka Abrahamsson

This paper is focused on mapping the current evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) and its associated cyber risks for the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) sector. We report the results of a qualitative empirical study that correlates academic literature…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Petar Radanliev