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Automated input generators are widely used for large-scale dynamic analysis of mobile apps. Such input generators must constantly choose which UI element to interact with and how to interact with it, in order to achieve high coverage with a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Yuanchun Li , Ziyue Yang , Yao Guo , Xiangqun Chen

Mobile apps are indispensable for people's daily life. Complementing with automated GUI testing, manual testing is the last line of defence for app quality. However, the repeated actions and easily missing of functionalities make manual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Zhe Liu , Chunyang Chen , Junjie Wang , Yuekai Huang , Jun Hu , Qing Wang

Graphical User Interface (GUI) has become one of the most significant parts of mobile applications (apps). It is a direct bridge between mobile apps and end users, which directly affects the end user's experience. Neglecting GUI quality can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shengcheng Yu , Chunrong Fang , Ziyuan Tuo , Quanjun Zhang , Chunyang Chen , Zhenyu Chen , Zhendong Su

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, exhibit advanced capabilities in generating text, images, and videos. However, their effective use remains constrained by challenges in prompt formulation, personalization, and opaque…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Si Thu , A. Baki Kocaballi

Mobile GUI agents are becoming critical tools to improve user experience on smart devices, with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) emerging as the dominant paradigms in this domain. Current agents, however, rely on explicit human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Qinglong Yang , Haoming Li , Haotian Zhao , Xiaokai Yan , Jingtao Ding , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

The exponential growth of the mobile app market underscores the importance of constant innovation and rapid response to user demands. As user satisfaction is paramount to the success of a mobile application (app), developers typically rely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Maram Assi , Safwat Hassan , Ying Zou

We propose V-Droid, a mobile GUI task automation agent. Unlike previous mobile agents that utilize Large Language Models (LLMs) as generators to directly generate actions at each step, V-Droid employs LLMs as verifiers to evaluate candidate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Gaole Dai , Shiqi Jiang , Ting Cao , Yuanchun Li , Yuqing Yang , Rui Tan , Mo Li , Lili Qiu

The software industry aims to provide customers with quality software. Testing software is a critical and sensitive stage in ensuring software quality. Due to the increasing popularity of mobile devices, the use of Android applications has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Fatemeh Mosayeb , Shohreh Ajoudanian

UI automation tests play a crucial role in ensuring the quality of mobile applications. Despite the growing popularity of machine learning techniques to generate these tests, they still face several challenges, such as the mismatch of UI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Sidong Feng , Haochuan Lu , Jianqin Jiang , Ting Xiong , Likun Huang , Yinglin Liang , Xiaoqin Li , Yuetang Deng , Aldeida Aleti

Large Language Model (LLM) assistants, such as ChatGPT, have emerged as potential alternatives to search methods for helping users navigate complex, feature-rich software. LLMs use vast training data from domain-specific texts, software…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Anjali Khurana , Hari Subramonyam , Parmit K Chilana

GitHub Actions (GA) has become the de facto tool that developers use to automate software workflows, seamlessly building, testing, and deploying code. Yet when GA fails, it disrupts development, causing delays and driving up costs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Pablo Valenzuela-Toledo , Chuyue Wu , Sandro Hernandez , Alexander Boll , Roman Machacek , Sebastiano Panichella , Timo Kehrer

With the rapid development of web technology, more and more software applications have become web-based in the past decades. To ensure software quality and user experience, various techniques have been proposed to automatically test web…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Siyi Wang , Sinan Wang , Yujia Fan , Xiaolei Li , Yepang Liu

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has catalyzed the development of mobile graphic user interface (GUI) AI agents, which is designed to autonomously perform tasks on mobile devices.…

To improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), researchers have explored providing LLMs with textual task-solving experience via prompts. However, they rely on manual efforts to acquire and apply such experience for each task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Yiming Cui , Jianbai Zhao , Hepeng Wang , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into mobile GUI agents has significantly enhanced user efficiency and experience. However, this advancement also introduces potential security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yulong Yang , Xinshan Yang , Shuaidong Li , Chenhao Lin , Zhengyu Zhao , Chao Shen , Tianwei Zhang

In an ideal design pipeline, user interface (UI) design is intertwined with user research to validate decisions, yet studies are often resource-constrained during early exploration. Recent advances in multimodal large language models…

One important step in software development is testing the finished product with actual users. These tests aim, among other goals, at determining unintuitive behavior of the software as it is presented to the end-user. Moreover, they aim to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Tim Rosenbach , David Heidrich , Alexander Weinert

Automatic generators of GUI tests often fail to generate semantically relevant test cases, and thus miss important test scenarios. To address this issue, test adaptation techniques can be used to automatically generate semantically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Leonardo Mariani , Mauro Pezzè , Valerio Terragni , Daniele Zuddas

Mobile app GUI (Graphical User Interface) pages now contain rich visual information, with the visual semantics of each page helping users understand the application logic. However, these complex visual and functional logic present new…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Zhe Liu , Cheng Li , Chunyang Chen , Junjie Wang , Mengzhuo Chen , Boyu Wu , Yawen Wang , Jun Hu , Qing Wang

With the increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic problem solving, university students frequently alternate between traditional search engines like Google and large language models (LLMs) for information retrieval.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi , Md. Sadman Haque , Zobaer Ibn Razzaque , Robiul Awoul Robin , Sabila Nawshin