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Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has an established reputation as a useful data analysis technique in numerous applications. However, its usage in practical situations is undergoing challenges in recent years. The fundamental factor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Mariano Tepper , Guillermo Sapiro

With ongoing developments and innovations in single-cell RNA sequencing methods, advancements in sequencing performance could empower significant discoveries as well as new emerging possibilities to address biological and medical…

Applications · Statistics 2019-12-19 Jiawei Long , Yu Xia

By combining related objects, unsupervised machine learning techniques aim to reveal the underlying patterns in a data set. Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a data mining technique that splits data matrices by imposing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Yasser Khalafaoui , Nistor Grozavu , Basarab Matei , Laurent-Walter Goix

High-resolution spatial transcriptomics platforms, such as Xenium, generate single-cell images that capture both molecular and spatial context, but their extremely high dimensionality poses major challenges for representation learning and…

Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (SNMF) models arise naturally as simple reformulations of many standard clustering algorithms including the popular spectral clustering method. Recent work has demonstrated that an elementary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Reza Borhani , Jeremy Watt , Aggelos Katsaggelos

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology enables systematic delineation of cellular states and interactions, providing crucial insights into cellular heterogeneity. Building on this potential, numerous computational methods have…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Ping Xu , Zaitian Wang , Zhirui Wang , Pengjiang Li , Ran Zhang , Gaoyang Li , Hanyu Xie , Jiajia Wang , Yuanchun Zhou , Pengfei Wang

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (SymNMF) is a powerful tool for clustering, which typically uses the $k$-nearest neighbor ($k$-NN) method to construct similarity matrix. However, $k$-NN may mislead clustering since the neighbors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Wenlong Lyu , Yuheng Jia

Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (SymNMF) is a technique in data analysis and machine learning that approximates a symmetric matrix with a product of a nonnegative, low-rank matrix and its transpose. To design faster and more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Koby Hayashi , Sinan G. Aksoy , Grey Ballard , Haesun Park

The ability to measure the transcriptomes of single cells has only been feasible for a few years, and is becoming an extremely popular assay. While many types of analysis and questions can be answered using single cell RNA-sequencing, a…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-09 Valentine Svensson , Roser Vento-Tormo , Sarah A Teichmann

The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology enables researchers to study complex biological systems and diseases with high resolution. The central challenge is synthesizing enough scRNA-seq samples; insufficient samples can impede…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-25 Yixuan Wang , Shuangyin Li , Shimin DI , Lei Chen

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and non-negative tensor factorization (NTF) decompose non-negative high-dimensional data into non-negative low-rank components. NMF and NTF methods are popular for their intrinsic interpretability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Alexander Sietsema , Zerrin Vural , James Chapman , Yotam Yaniv , Deanna Needell

We propose a new variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), combining separability and sparsity assumptions. Separability requires that the columns of the first NMF factor are equal to columns of the input matrix, while sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Nicolas Nadisic , Arnaud Vandaele , Jeremy E. Cohen , Nicolas Gillis

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our ability to analyze gene expression at the cellular level. By providing data on gene expression for each individual cell, scRNA-seq generates large datasets with thousands of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Md Romizul Islam , Swakkhar Shatabda

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has been continuously evolving in several areas like pattern recognition and information retrieval methods. It factorizes a matrix into a product of 2 low-rank non-negative matrices that will define…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-04 Jing-Yan Wang , Mustafa AbdulJabbar

Matrix factorization methods are linear models, with limited capability to model complex relations. In our work, we use tropical semiring to introduce non-linearity into matrix factorization models. We propose a method called Sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Amra Omanović , Hilal Kazan , Polona Oblak , Tomaž Curk

Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables gene expression profiling at cellular resolution but is inherently affected by sparsity caused by dropout events, where expressed genes are recorded as zeros due to technical…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-15 Yuichiro Iwashita , Ahtisham Fazeel Abbasi , Koichi Kise , Andreas Dengel , Muhammad Nabeel Asim

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) methods have proved to be powerful across a wide range of real-world clustering applications. Integrating multiple types of measurements for the same objects/subjects allows us to gain a deeper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-16 Daniel Hidru , Anna Goldenberg

Given a collection of data points, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) suggests to express them as convex combinations of a small set of `archetypes' with non-negative entries. This decomposition is unique only if the true archetypes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-09 Hamid Javadi , Andrea Montanari

Clustering analysis is fundamental in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data analysis for elucidating cellular heterogeneity and diversity. Recent graph-based scRNA-seq clustering methods, particularly graph neural networks (GNNs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ping Xu , Pengfei Wang , Zhiyuan Ning , Meng Xiao , Min Wu , Yuanchun Zhou

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) has significantly advanced our understanding of the disease etiology of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the low quality of specimens derived from postmortem brain tissues, combined with the…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-28 Gyutaek Oh , Baekgyu Choi , Seyoung Jin , Inkyung Jung , Jong Chul Ye