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Reranking is fundamental to information retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation, with recent Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly advancing reranking quality. Most current works rely on large-scale LLMs (>7B parameters),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xianming Li , Aamir Shakir , Rui Huang , Tsz-fung Andrew Lee , Julius Lipp , Benjamin Clavié , Jing Li

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a critical task in online learning for modeling student knowledge over time. Despite the success of deep learning-based KT models, which rely on sequences of numbers as data, most existing approaches fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Unggi Lee , Jiyeong Bae , Dohee Kim , Sookbun Lee , Jaekwon Park , Taekyung Ahn , Gunho Lee , Damji Stratton , Hyeoncheol Kim

In this paper, we demonstrate how Large Language Models (LLMs) can effectively learn to use an off-the-shelf information retrieval (IR) system specifically when additional context is required to answer a given question. Given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Tiziano Labruna , Jon Ander Campos , Gorka Azkune

We introduce compression laws for language language models (LLMs). While recent scaling laws have sought to understand how LLMs scale with respect to model size, pre-training data, and computational resources, we focus on understanding how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ayan Sengupta , Siddhant Chaudhary , Tanmoy Chakraborty

We conduct the first empirical study on using knowledge transfer to improve the generalization ability of large language models (LLMs) in software engineering tasks, which often require LLMs to generalize beyond their training data. Our…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Qing Huang , Yishun Wu , Zhenchang Xing , He Jiang , Yu Cheng , Huan Jin

Large language models (LLMs) can acquire strong code-generation capabilities through few-shot learning. In contrast, supervised fine-tuning is still needed for smaller models to achieve good performance. Such fine-tuning demands a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Zhangir Azerbayev , Ansong Ni , Hailey Schoelkopf , Dragomir Radev

We propose a new paradigm to help Large Language Models (LLMs) generate more accurate factual knowledge without retrieving from an external corpus, called RECITation-augmented gEneration (RECITE). Different from retrieval-augmented language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Zhiqing Sun , Xuezhi Wang , Yi Tay , Yiming Yang , Denny Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) fine-tuned for text-retrieval have demonstrated state-of-the-art results across several information retrieval (IR) benchmarks. However, supervised training for improving these models requires numerous labeled…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-24 William Fleshman , Benjamin Van Durme

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have been successful for a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The state-of-the-art of PLMs, however, are extremely large to be used on edge devices. As a result, the topic of model…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, storing and transmitting them on edge devices becomes increasingly challenging. Traditional methods like quantization and pruning struggle to achieve extreme compression of LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ye Tian , Chengcheng Wang , Jing Han , Yehui Tang , Kai Han

Large language models (LLMs) are incredible and versatile tools for text-based tasks that have enabled countless, previously unimaginable, applications. Retrieval models, in contrast, have not yet seen such capable general-purpose models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a mainstay for many everyday applications. However, as data evolve their knowledge quickly becomes outdated. Continual learning aims to update LLMs with new information without erasing previously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Thomas Katraouras , Dimitrios Rafailidis

Efficient knowledge management plays a pivotal role in augmenting both the operational efficiency and the innovative capacity of businesses and organizations. By indexing knowledge through vectorization, a variety of knowledge retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Feihu Jiang , Chuan Qin , Kaichun Yao , Chuyu Fang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess outstanding capabilities in addressing various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the sheer size of these models poses challenges in terms of storage, training and inference due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Shuzhou Yuan , Ercong Nie , Bolei Ma , Michael Färber

In this paper, we propose and experiment with techniques for extreme compression of neural natural language understanding (NLU) models, making them suitable for execution on resource-constrained devices. We propose a task-aware, end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Kanthashree Mysore Sathyendra , Samridhi Choudhary , Leah Nicolich-Henkin

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed both the construction and application of information retrieval (IR) systems. However, current interactions between IR systems and LLMs remain limited, with LLMs merely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Qiaoyu Tang , Jiawei Chen , Zhuoqun Li , Bowen Yu , Yaojie Lu , Cheng Fu , Haiyang Yu , Hongyu Lin , Fei Huang , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Yongbin Li

Large Language Models (LLMs)-based text retrieval retrieves documents relevant to search queries based on vector similarities. Documents are pre-encoded offline, while queries arrive in real-time, necessitating an efficient online query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Guangyuan Ma , Yongliang Ma , Xuanrui Gou , Zhenpeng Su , Ming Zhou , Songlin Hu

In this report, we investigate the potential use of large language models (LLM's) in the task of data compression. Previous works have demonstrated promising results in applying LLM's towards compressing not only text, but also a wide range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Chen-Han Tsai

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

Extrapolation in Large language models (LLMs) for open-ended inquiry encounters two pivotal issues: (1) hallucination and (2) expensive training costs. These issues present challenges for LLMs in specialized domains and personalized data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yu-Hsiang Lin , Huang-Ting Shieh , Chih-Yu Liu , Kuang-Ting Lee , Hsiao-Cheng Chang , Jing-Lun Yang , Yu-Sheng Lin