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Face images are a rich source of information that can be used to identify individuals and infer private information about them. To mitigate this privacy risk, anonymizations employ transformations on clear images to obfuscate sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Julian Todt , Simon Hanisch , Thorsten Strufe

Advances in deep learning have made face recognition technologies pervasive. While useful to social media platforms and users, this technology carries significant privacy threats. Coupled with the abundant information they have about users,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Varun Chandrasekaran , Chuhan Gao , Brian Tang , Kassem Fawaz , Somesh Jha , Suman Banerjee

Face recognition (FR) can be abused for privacy intrusion. Governments, private companies, or even individual attackers can collect facial images by web scraping to build an FR system identifying human faces without their consent. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Ka-Ho Chow , Sihao Hu , Tiansheng Huang , Ling Liu

Face recognition technology has been deployed in various real-life applications. The most sophisticated deep learning-based face recognition systems rely on training millions of face images through complex deep neural networks to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Dong Han , Yong Li , Joachim Denzler

Photos of faces uploaded online are vulnerable to malicious actors who can scrape facial images from online sources and intrude on personal privacy via unauthorized use of facial recognition models. This paper presents FaceCloak, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zachary Yahn , Fatih Ilhan , Tiansheng Huang , Selim Tekin , Sihao Hu , Yichang Xu , Margaret Loper , Ling Liu

Camera sensors are increasingly being combined with machine learning to perform various tasks such as intelligent surveillance. Due to its computational complexity, most of these machine learning algorithms are offloaded to the cloud for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Sander De Coninck , Wei-Cheng Wang , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

Biometric data contains distinctive human traits such as facial features or gait patterns. The use of biometric data permits an individuation so exact that the data is utilized effectively in identification and authentication systems. But…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Simon Hanisch , Julian Todt , Jose Patino , Nicholas Evans , Thorsten Strufe

The success of deep learning based face recognition systems has given rise to serious privacy concerns due to their ability to enable unauthorized tracking of users in the digital world. Existing methods for enhancing privacy fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Fahad Shamshad , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar

Current LLM-based services typically require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity. While intuitive, such practice introduces substantial privacy risks, as unauthorized access may expose personal, medical, or legal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jeongho Yoon , Chanhee Park , Yongchan Chun , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

In face recognition systems, facial templates are widely adopted for identity authentication due to their compliance with the data minimization principle. However, facial template inversion technologies have posed a severe privacy leakage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zixuan Shen , Zhihua Xia , Kaikai Gan , Peipeng Yu

A face image not only provides details about the identity of a subject but also reveals several attributes such as gender, race, sexual orientation, and age. Advancements in machine learning algorithms and popularity of sharing images on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Saheb Chhabra , Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa , Gaurav Gupta

With the wide application of face recognition systems, there is rising concern that original face images could be exposed to malicious intents and consequently cause personal privacy breaches. This paper presents DuetFace, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Yuxi Mi , Yuge Huang , Jiazhen Ji , Hongquan Liu , Xingkun Xu , Shouhong Ding , Shuigeng Zhou

While the rapid development of facial recognition algorithms has enabled numerous beneficial applications, their widespread deployment has raised significant concerns about the risks of mass surveillance and threats to individual privacy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Paweł Borsukiewicz , Daniele Lunghi , Melissa Tessa , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Split Federated Learning (SFL) has emerged as an efficient alternative to traditional Federated Learning (FL) by reducing client-side computation through model partitioning. However, exchanging of intermediate activations and model updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Xingchen Wang , Feijie Wu , Chenglin Miao , Tianchun Li , Haoyu Hu , Qiming Cao , Jing Gao , Lu Su

The rapid rise of IoT and Big Data has facilitated copious data driven applications to enhance our quality of life. However, the omnipresent and all-encompassing nature of the data collection can generate privacy concerns. Hence, there is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Mert Al , Semih Yagli , Sun-Yuan Kung

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) provides a practical way for users to customize Large Language Models (LLMs) with their private data in LLM service scenarios. However, the inherently sensitive nature of private data demands robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yansong Li , Zhixing Tan , Paula Branco , Yang Liu

Biometric data, such as face images, are often associated with sensitive information (e.g medical, financial, personal government records). Hence, a data breach in a system storing such information can have devastating consequences. Deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Reena Zelenkova , Jack Swallow , M. A. P. Chamikara , Dongxi Liu , Mohan Baruwal Chhetri , Seyit Camtepe , Marthie Grobler , Mahathir Almashor

As Facial Recognition System(FRS) is widely applied in areas such as access control and mobile payments due to its convenience and high accuracy. The security of facial recognition is also highly regarded. The Face anti-spoofing system(FAS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Qiushi Guo

Recently, productization of face recognition and identification algorithms have become the most controversial topic about ethical AI. As new policies around digital identities are formed, we introduce three face access models in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Umur A. Ciftci , Gokturk Yuksek , Ilke Demir

Facial recognition technologies are implemented in many areas, including but not limited to, citizen surveillance, crime control, activity monitoring, and facial expression evaluation. However, processing biometric information is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-07 M. A. P. Chamikara , P. Bertok , I. Khalil , D. Liu , S. Camtepe