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Galaxies obey a set of strict dynamical laws, which imply a close coupling between the visible matter (stars and gas) and the observed dynamics (set by dark matter in the standard cosmological context). Here we review recent results from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-11-06 Federico Lelli , Tobias Mistele , Stacy S. McGaugh , James M. Schombert , Pengfei Li

We use a new non-parametric gravitational modelling tool -- \Glass{} -- to determine what quality of data (strong lensing, stellar kinematics, and/or stellar masses) are required to measure the circularly averaged mass profile of a lens and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Jonathan P. Coles , Justin I. Read , Prasenjit Saha

We examine the origin of the mass discrepancy--radial acceleration relation (MDAR) of disk galaxies. This is a tight empirical correlation between the disk centripetal acceleration and that expected from the baryonic component. The MDAR…

Recently, a tight correlation between the dynamical radial acceleration and the baryonic radial acceleration in galaxies - the radial acceleration relation - has been discovered. This has been claimed as an indirect support of the modified…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-17 Man Ho Chan , Ka Chung Law

Strong gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics provide two complementary and orthogonal constraints on the density profiles of galaxies. Based on spherically symmetric, scale-free, mass models, it is shown that the combination of both…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. V. E. Koopmans

We study the radial acceleration relation (RAR) for early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the SDSS MaNGA MPL5 dataset. The complete ETG sample show a slightly offset RAR from the relation reported by McGaugh et al. (2016) at the low-acceleration…

Kinematic weak lensing describes the distortion of a galaxy's projected velocity field due to lensing shear, an effect recently reported for the first time by Gurri et al. based on a sample of 18 galaxies at $z \sim 0.1$. In this paper, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Brian DiGiorgio , Kevin Bundy , Kyle B. Westfall , Alexie Leauthaud , David Stark

We present a detailed Monte Carlo model of observational errors in observed galaxy scaling relations to recover the intrinsic (cosmic) scatter driven by galaxy formation and evolution processes. We apply our method to the stellar radial…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-04 Connor Stone , Stephane Courteau

During the 2016 International Workshop on Astronomy and Relativistic Astrophysics (IWARA), the question was raised as to if conformal gravity could explain the timely result of McGaugh et. al. 2016 which showed a universal nature found in…

General Physics · Physics 2019-04-10 James G. O'Brien , Thomas L. Chiarelli , Mark A. Falcone , Muhannad H. AlQurashi

Ellipticals in very low density environments are extremely rare but hold important clues about galaxy formation and evolution. In this paper we continue our study of isolated elliptical galaxies, presenting results on the radial stellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 George Hau , Duncan Forbes

We study the Mass Discrepancy-Acceleration Relation (MDAR) of 57 elliptical galaxies by their Einstein rings from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey (SLACS). The mass discrepancy between the lensing mass and the baryonic mass derived from population…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-20 Yong Tian , Chung-Ming Ko

We analyze the distribution of G and K type stars towards the Galactic poles using RAVE and ELODIE radial velocities, 2MASS photometric star counts, and UCAC2 proper motions. The combination of photometric and 3D kinematic data allows us to…

We present a systematic study of the internal mass structure of early-type galaxies (ETGs) based on 106 galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses with background quasars, all having spectroscopic redshifts. From this parent sample, we select…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-17 Ziyu Guo , Yun Chen , Yiping Shu , Jiaze Gao , Hui Li , Zizhao He , Jun Wang

We study the link between baryons and dark matter in 240 galaxies with spatially resolved kinematic data. Our sample spans 9 dex in stellar mass and includes all morphological types. We consider (i) 153 late-type galaxies (LTGs; spirals and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-22 Federico Lelli , Stacy S. McGaugh , James M. Schombert , Marcel S. Pawlowski

We present a detailed two-dimensional stellar dynamical analysis of a sample of 44 cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of individual central galaxies and their satellites. Kinematic maps of the stellar line-of-sight velocity, velocity…

Observed rotation curves of disk galaxies remain a sharp empirical probe of the relationship between baryons and dynamics. We study a minimal, explicitly \emph{phenomenological} alternative to standard halo parameterizations: an additional…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-07 Nalin Dhiman

We take advantage of the first data from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field (SAMI) Galaxy Survey to investigate the relation between the kinematics of gas and stars, and stellar mass in a comprehensive sample of nearby galaxies. We…

General relativity (GR) is the most successful theory of gravity, with great observational support on local scales. However, to keep GR valid over cosmic scales, some phenomena (such as flat galaxy rotation curves and the cosmic expansion…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Robert Monjo , Indranil Banik

We derive the radial acceleration of stars in galaxies by using basic features of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics and general relativity. We assume that the "dark" component of the radial acceleration is originated from the reaction…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-18 Matteo Tuveri , Mariano Cadoni

In this paper the expected properties of the velocity fields of strongly lensed arcs behind galaxy clusters are investigated. The velocity profile along typical lensed arcs is determined by ray tracing light rays from a model source galaxy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ole Moeller , Edo Noordermeer