Related papers: Explosive Chrysopoeia
Primordial black holes may have been produced in the early stages of the thermal history of the Universe after cosmic inflation. If so, dark matter in the form of elementary particles can be subsequently accreted around these objects, in…
In 1997 the first optical afterglow of a cosmic Gamma-Ray Burst was discovered, and substantial progress has been achieved since then. Here we present a short review of some recent developments in this field, with emphasis on observational…
Only one certain classical nova eruption has ever been detected inside a globular cluster - nova 1860 A.D. (T Sco) in M80. During a survey of M87 we have detected an erupting star coincident (to within 0.08 pixels) with a globular cluster…
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) chromophore is an asymmetric monomethine dye system. In the resonance color theory of dyes, a strong optical excitation arises from interactions of two valence-bond structures with a third, higher…
Globular cluster systems exhibit a bewildering variety of characteristics. No single scenario appears to be able to account for the wide range of specific globular cluster frequencies that are observed in galaxies of various types. The…
The last ten years have opened up a new parameter space in time-domain astronomy with the discovery of transients defying our understanding of how stars explode. These extremes of the transient paradigm represent the brightest - called…
We investigate the statistical properties of primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the very early Universe. We show that the high level of inhomogeneity of the early Universe leads to the formation of the first generation PBHs. %The…
Recent observations of the high-redshift universe have uncovered a significant number of active galactic nuclei, implying that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) would have to have been formed at much earlier times than expected. Direct…
The recent simultaneous detection of optical, X-ray and gamma-ray photons from GRB990123 during the burst provides the first broadband multi-wavelength characterization of the burst spectrum and evolution. Here we show that a direct…
The abundance patterns of metal-poor stars provide us a wealth of chemical information about various stages of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. In particular, these stars allow us to study the formation and evolution of the elements…
Although the existence of a faint background of starlight in the core of the Coma cluster has been well established (1,2), its origin is uncertain. This vast sea of stars could have formed outside the galaxies, using gas left over from the…
Matter in the universe has become ``dark'' or ``missing'' through misconceptions about the fluid mechanics of gravitational structure formation. Gravitational condensation occurs on non-acoustic density nuclei at the largest Schwarz length…
Based on a model of globular cluster self-enrichment published in a previous paper, we present an explanation for the metallicity gradient observed throughout the galactic Old Halo. Our self-enrichment model is based on the ability of…
The possibility that primordial black hole binary mergers of stellar mass can explain the signals detected by the gravitational-wave interferometers has attracted much attention. In this scenario, primordial black holes can comprise only…
Observing a supernova explosion shortly after it occurs can reveal important information about the physics of stellar explosions and the nature of the progenitor stars of supernovae (SNe). When a star with a well-defined edge explodes in…
Supermassive black holes exist in the centers of galaxies, including Milky Way, but there is no compelling theory of their formation. Furthermore, observations of quasars imply that supermassive black holes have already existed at some very…
Within the precise cosmological framework provided by the Lambda-Cold Dark Matter model and standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the chemical evolution of the pregalactic gas can now be followed with accuracy limited only by the uncertainties…
Nucleation and growth of solids from solutions impacts many natural processes and are fundamental to applications in materials engineering and medicine. For a crystalline solid, the nucleus is a nanoscale cluster of ordered atoms, which…
We propose that the totality of dark matter in the universe might ascribe its origin to one of the key properties of cosmological inflation, that it may be eternal: regions that at the end of the primordial accelerated expansion of the…
Primordial bubbles that possibly nucleate through quantum tunneling during inflation in a multidimensional potential might have left some relic detectable at the present time. These bubbles turn into black holes during the radiation era,…